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Alterations in peroxidase activity and phenylpropanoid metabolism induced by Nacobbus aberrans Thorne and Allen, 1944 in chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) CM334 resistant to Phytophthora capsici Leo.

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Abstract

Chilli CM334 (Capsicum annuum L.) is resistant to Phytophthora capsici Leonian (Pc), but Nacobbus aberrans Thorne and Allen, 1944 (Na) broke down its resistance in plants previously infected by the nematode. Peroxidase (POD) and L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity, total soluble phenols (TSP) and chlorogenic acid concentration in CM334 plants inoculated with either or both pathogens (Na-Pc) were compared; also, the toxic effect of some phenolic acids on Na was tested in vitro. The highest POD activity (5.3 μM tetraguaiacol mg−1 protein min−1) was registered in plants inoculated only with Pc, while those inoculated only with Na showed the lowest (3.3 μM) (P ≤ 0.05). PAL activity was 39.9 nM trans-cinnamic acid μg−1 protein min−1 in plants inoculated only with Pc, and it was lower (19.3 nM) and similar in non-inoculated plants or those with Na and with Na-Pc (P ≤ 0.05). Usually, plants inoculated with Pc alone had higher contents of TSP (P ≤ 0.05) (1.9 mg tannic acid g−1 dry matter) and plants inoculated with Na or Na-Pc had lower levels (0.8 and 0.9 mg) than those non-inoculated (1.3 mg). CM334 plants inoculated with Na showed a significant reduction (10–37% and 12–17%, in roots and leaves) in the concentration of chlorogenic acid as compared to the non-inoculated. Vanillic, trans-cinnamic, p-coumaric and syringic acids had greater nematicidal effects (P ≤ 0.05) than chlorogenic acid in vitro. Apparently Na modified the defence responses in CM334 plants as POD and PAL activities and TSP and chlorogenic acid concentrations were reduced.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Dr. S. Fernández-Pavia for supplying the isolate 6143 of P. capsici; Dr. O. Gómez-Rodríguez for helping to establish the plant assays; and Dr Miguel Ángel Martínez-Tellez (CIAD-México), Technician Cecilio Bautista (UACh-México) and Dr Juan Pablo Fernández-Trujillo (UPCT-Spain) for their advice on enzymatic analysis. We also appreciate the critical review of this paper by Dr Ken Evans and Cristina Cárdenas-Rudderow. We thank CONACYT for the scholarship provided to the first author and the financial support of the Research Project 46331-Z.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Fitopatología, Colegio de Postgraduados, Km. 35.5 carr. México-Texcoco, Montecillo, Estado de México, CP 56230, México

    Noé López-Martínez, Patricia Fuentes-Montiel & Emma Zavaleta-Mejía

  2. Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Km. 38.5 carr. México-Texcoco, Chapingo, Estado de México, CP 56230, México

    Ma. Teresa Colinas-León

  3. Botánica, Colegio de Postgraduados, Km. 35.5 carr. México-Texcoco, Montecillo, Estado de México, CP 56230, México

    Cecilia B. Peña-Valdivia

  4. Campo Experimental Valle de México CIRCE INIFAP, Apartado postal 307, Km. 18.5 carr. Los Reyes-Lechería, Texcoco, Estado de México, CP 56230, México

    Yolanda Salinas-Moreno

  5. Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland

    Magdalena Biesaga

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  1. Noé López-Martínez
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Correspondence to Emma Zavaleta-Mejía.

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López-Martínez, N., Colinas-León, M.T., Peña-Valdivia, C.B. et al. Alterations in peroxidase activity and phenylpropanoid metabolism induced by Nacobbus aberrans Thorne and Allen, 1944 in chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) CM334 resistant to Phytophthora capsici Leo.. Plant Soil 338, 399–409 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-010-0553-5

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