Abstract
Key message
Arabidopsis PLDζ1 and PLDζ2 localize to the trans-Golgi network and to compartments including the trans-Golgi network, multi-vesicular bodies, and the tonoplast, respectively, depending on their N-terminal regions containing PX-PH domains.
Abstract
Phospholipase D (PLD) is involved in dynamic cellular processes, including membrane trafficking, cytoskeletal reorganization, and signal transduction for gene expression, through the production of phosphatidic acid in membrane compartments specific to each process. Although PLD plays crucial roles in various plant phenomena, the underlying processes involving PLD for each phenomenon remain largely elusive, partly because the subcellular localization of PLD remains obscure. In this study, we performed comparative subcellular localization analyses of the Arabidopsis thaliana PX-PH-PLDs PLDζ1 and PLDζ2. In mature lateral root cap cells, own promoter-driven fluorescence protein fusions of PLDζ1 localized to the entire trans-Golgi network (TGN) while that of PLDζ2 localized to punctate structures including part of the TGN and multi-vesicular bodies as well as the tonoplast. These localization patterns were reproduced using N-terminal partial proteins, which contain PX-PH domains. An inducibly overexpressed fluorescence protein fusion of the PLDζ2 partial protein first localized to punctate structures, and then accumulated predominantly on the tonoplast. Further domain dissection analysis revealed that the N-terminal moiety preceding the PX-PH domain of PLDζ2 was required for the tonoplast-predominant accumulation. These findings suggest that PLDζ1 and PLDζ2 play partially overlapping but nonetheless distinctive roles in post-Golgi compartments along the membrane trafficking pathway from the TGN to the tonoplast.
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Data availability
All data generated and analyzed during this study are included in the article and its supplementary information files. Plasmids, mutants, and transgenic lines are available upon request.
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Acknowledgements
We are grateful to Ms. Keiko Yasuda (Kyoto University) for technical assistance, Dr. Christa Testerink for providing transgenic seeds of the pPLDζ1::PLDζ1-YFP line, Dr. Yasuo Niwa for the GFP-coding fragment, Dr. Takashi Ueda for seeds of the marker lines of GFP-SYP32, GFP-SYP43, GFP-VAMP721, GFP-ARA7, and mRFP-ARA7, Dr. Tomohiro Uemura for seeds of the marker line of mRFP-SYP43, and Dr. Masayoshi Maeshima for the plasmid vector pENTR-VHP1-mGFP.
Funding
This work was supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI) from the Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS); 16H04804 to T.A, the International Collaborative Research Program of the Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University; #202064 to Y.O., and Kyoto University Education and Research Foundation and ISHIZUE 2020 of Kyoto University Research Development Program to M.K.
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RS conceived the study, designed the experiments, performed the research, analyzed the data, and prepared the manuscript. YO, YYT, MK, and TT contributed to experimental design and analyzed the data. TA contributed to experimental design, data analysis and manuscript preparation, and submitted the manuscript.
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Shimamura, R., Ohashi, Y., Taniguchi, Y.Y. et al. Arabidopsis PLDζ1 and PLDζ2 localize to post-Golgi membrane compartments in a partially overlapping manner. Plant Mol Biol 108, 31–49 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11103-021-01205-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11103-021-01205-0