RdDM pathway components differentially modulate Tobamovirus symptom development

Leone, Melisa; Zavallo, Diego; Venturuzzi, Andrea; Asurmendi, Sebastián

doi:10.1007/s11103-020-01051-6

Published: 19 August 2020

RdDM pathway components differentially modulate Tobamovirus symptom development

Plant Molecular Biology volume 104, pages 467–481 (2020)Cite this article

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Abstract

Key Message

The crop yield losses induced by phytoviruses are mainly associated with the symptoms of the disease. DNA modifications as methylation can modulate the information coded by the sequence, process named epigenetics. Viral infection can change the expression patterns of different genes linked to defenses and symptoms. This work represents the initial step to expose the role of epigenetic process, in the production of symptoms associated with plants-virus interactions.

Abstract

Small RNAs (sRNAs) are important molecules for gene regulation in plants and play an essential role in plant-pathogen interactions. Researchers have evaluated the relationship between viral infections as well as the endogenous accumulation of sRNAs and the transcriptional changes associated with the production of symptoms, but little is known about a possible direct role of epigenetics, mediated by 24-nt sRNAs, in the induction of these symptoms. Using different RNA directed DNA methylation (RdDM) pathway mutants and a triple demethylase mutant; here we demonstrate that the disruption of RdDM pathway during viral infection produce alterations in the plant transcriptome and in consequence changes in plant symptoms. This study represents the initial step in exposing that DNA methylation directed by endogenous sRNAs has an important role, uncoupled to defense, in the production of symptoms associated with plant-virus interactions.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Federico Ariel, Pablo Manavella and Martin Crespi for the rdr2, nrpd2a, ago4 and rdd lines, respectively.

Funding

This research was supported by grants from CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas) and ANPCyT (Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica) PICT 2014-1163 and PICT 2015-1532.

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Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), De Los Reseros y N. Repetto S/N, Hurlingham, B1686IGC, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Melisa Leone, Diego Zavallo, Andrea Venturuzzi & Sebastián Asurmendi
Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (ANPCyT), Buenos Aires, Argentina
Melisa Leone

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Melisa Leone
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Diego Zavallo
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Andrea Venturuzzi
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Sebastián Asurmendi
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ML: Investigation, Methodology, Visualization, Writing original draft and Writing review and editing. DZ: Investigation, Bioinformatics analysis, Data curation, Writing review and editing. AV: Investigation, Methodology, Writing review and editing. SA: Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing review & editing.

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Correspondence to Sebastián Asurmendi.

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11103_2020_1051_MOESM1_ESM.xlsx

Table S1. Normalized reads of 24-nt sRNAs in mock-inoculated (MI), TMV-Cg and ORMV infected plants at 4dpi. Each excel sheet shows the different readings that map to the different regions. Cpm: counts per million. Yellow ID: shared genes. Red ID: transposons associated genes. (XLSX 66 kb)

Table S2. Gene ontology analysis. (XLSX 7 kb)

Table S3. Oligonucleotide primers used for RTqPCR experiments. (XLSX 12 kb)

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Leone, M., Zavallo, D., Venturuzzi, A. et al. RdDM pathway components differentially modulate Tobamovirus symptom development. Plant Mol Biol 104, 467–481 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11103-020-01051-6

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Received: 08 March 2020
Accepted: 11 August 2020
Published: 19 August 2020
Issue Date: November 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11103-020-01051-6

Keywords

Epigenetics
Immunity
RdDM
sRNAs
Symptoms
Virus

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Table S2. Gene ontology analysis. (XLSX 7 kb)

Table S3. Oligonucleotide primers used for RTqPCR experiments. (XLSX 12 kb)

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