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Populus euphratica: the transcriptomic response to drought stress

Plant Molecular Biology volume 83, pages 539–557 (2013)Cite this article

Abstract

Populus euphratica Olivier is widely established in arid and semiarid regions but lags in the availability of transcriptomic resources in response to water deficiency. To investigate the mechanisms that allow P. euphratica to maintain growth in arid regions, the responses of the plant to soil water deficit were analyzed at a systems level using physiological and pyrosequencing approaches. We generated 218,601 and 287,120 reads from non-stressed control and drought-stressed P. euphratica leaves respectively, totaling over 200 million base pairs. After assembly, 24,013 transcripts were yielded with an average length of 1,128 bp. We determined 2,279 simple sequence repeats, which may have possible information for understanding drought adaption of woody plants. Stomatal closure was inhibited under moderate drought to maintain a relatively high rate of CO2 assimilation and water transportation, which was supposed to be important for P. euphratica to maintain normal growth and develop vigorous root systems in an adverse environment. This was accompanied by strong transcriptional remodeling of stress-perception, signaling and transcription regulation, photoprotective system, oxidative stress detoxification, and other stress responsive genes. In addition, genes involved in stomatal closure inhibition, ascorbate–glutathione pathway and ubiquitin–proteasome system that may specially modulate the drought stress responses of P. euphratica are highlighted. Our analysis provides a comprehensive picture of how P. euphratica responds to drought stress at physiological and transcriptome levels which may help to understand molecular mechanisms associated with drought response and could be useful for genetic engineering of woody plants.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2011BAD38B01, 2009CB119101), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31070597, 31270656, 30972339), the Scientific Research and Graduate Training Joint Programs from BMEC (Regulation of Tree WUE, Stress Resistance Mechanism of Poplar), and the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, USDA (SC-1700324 with a Clemson University Experiment Station technical contribution number of 6109). We thank Prof. Dr. Jiandong Qi (School of Information Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China) for his technical assistance in computer programming. We are also grateful to Yinghua Zhang, Chuyu Ye, Lily Guo, Haitao Xing and Bosheng Li for their helpful comments on the manuscript and technical assistance.

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Affiliations

  1. College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, People’s Republic of China

    Sha Tang, Donghui Yan, Ying Zhao, Xiao Han, Xinli Xia & Weilun Yin

  2. The School of Forest Resources, and The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, 326 Forest Resources Building, University Park, PA, 16802, USA

    John E. Carlson

  3. Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, 130 McGinty Court, Room 154 Poole Agricultural Center, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA

    Haiying Liang

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  1. Sha Tang
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  2. Haiying Liang
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  3. Donghui Yan
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  4. Ying Zhao
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  5. Xiao Han
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  6. John E. Carlson
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  7. Xinli Xia
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  8. Weilun Yin
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Xinli Xia or Weilun Yin.

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11103_2013_107_MOESM1_ESM.tif

Overview of BlastX search results. BlastX search results of all the 24,013 PUTs against NCBI’s non-redundant, ExPASy Swiss-Prot and Populus trichocarpa genome annotation v2.0 databases using different E-value cutoffs. Blast cut-off of E ≤ 1e-5(left). Blast cut-off of E ≤ 1e-20(right). (TIFF 223 kb)

11103_2013_107_MOESM2_ESM.tif

Similarity of P. euphratica PUTs compared with model plants. PUTs with a cutoff E-value ≤ 1e-5 were marked as significant matches. The sequences with a cutoff E-value > 1e-5 were considered to be poor matches. (TIFF 243 kb)

11103_2013_107_MOESM3_ESM.tif

Overview of differentially regulated genes involved in different metabolic processes. Five hundred and two differentially expressed PUTs showed consistent expression pattern during drought in both high-throughput sequencing and microarray profiling. These PUTs were grouped under different functional categories using MapMan software. Gene transcripts that are induced or repressed as a result of drought stress are shown in red and green colours respectively as shown in the colour bar ranging from -3.0 to +3.0 (log2FC), one block represents one gene. (TIFF 621 kb)

11103_2013_107_MOESM4_ESM.tif

Distribution of transcription factor families. a, Distribution of 1,829 PUTs that were identified as TFs. DETs means Differentially Expressed Transcripts. NS represents transcripts having no significant changes in gene expression. b, Distribution of the transcription factor families differentially expressed under drought stress. The number in each bars indicates the PUTs in each transcription factor family. (TIFF 1406 kb)

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SSRs detection (XLS 1613 kb)

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Tang, S., Liang, H., Yan, D. et al. Populus euphratica: the transcriptomic response to drought stress. Plant Mol Biol 83, 539–557 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11103-013-0107-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11103-013-0107-3

Keywords

  • Populus euphratica
  • Drought stress
  • Stomatal closure inhibition
  • Photosynthesis
  • Transcriptome
  • High-throughput sequencing