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Nitric oxide activates superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase to repress the cell death induced by wounding

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Abstract

Wounding caused by rain, wind, and pathogen may lead plants to onset defense response. Previous studies indicated that mechanical wounding stimulates plants to generate nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). In this study, the functions of NO and H2O2 after wounding in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas cv. Tainung 57) was further analyzed. Mechanical wounding damaged cells and resulted in necrosis, but the presence of NO donors or NO scavenger might reduce or enhance the cell death caused by wounding, respectively. The amount of H2O2 induced by wounding was also decreased or increased when plants were incubated with NO donors or NO scavenger, individually. These results indicate that NO may regulate H2O2 generation to affect cell death. NO-induced proteins isolated from two-dimensional electrophoresis were identified to be Copper/Zinc superoxide dismutases (CuZnSODs). The activities of CuZnSODs and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) could be enhanced by NO. In addition, the expression of CuZnSOD and APX was induced by wounding via NO, and their expression was further stimulated by NO through the generation of cGMP. The influx of calcium ions and the activity of NADPH oxidase were also involved in the NO signal transduction pathway inducing APX expression. Collectively, the generation of H2O2 in wounded plants might trigger cell death. Meanwhile, the production of NO induced by wounding stimulated signal transducers including cGMP, calcium ions, and H2O2 to activate CuZnSOD and APX, which further decreased H2O2 level and reduced the cell death caused by wounding.

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Abbreviations

2D:

Two-dimensional

ABA:

Abscisic acid

APX:

Ascorbate peroxidase

Ca2+ :

Calcium ion

CAT:

Catalase

CuZnSOD:

Copper/Zinc superoxide dismutase

cPTIO:

2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3 oxide

EGTA:

Ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid

DPI:

Diphenyleneiodonium chloride

DTT:

Dithiothreitol

H2O2 :

Hydrogen peroxide

MAPK:

Mitogen activated protein kinase

NO:

Nitric oxide

O2 − :

Superoxide

ODQ:

1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one

ONOO− :

Peroxynitrite

PCD:

Program cell death

PMSF:

Phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride

POX:

Peroxidase

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SNP:

Sodium nitroprusside

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Science Council under grants 99-2313-B-002-005-MY3 and 98-2311-B-002-011-MY3 and by the National Taiwan University under grant 98R0066-38 to S.-T. Jeng. We wish to thank Technology Commons, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University for technical support. We are grateful to Drs. Keqiang Wu and Laurent Zimmerli for helpful discussion.

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  1. Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, Republic of China

    Chih-Ching Lin, Pei-Ju Jih, Hsin-Hung Lin, Jeng-Shane Lin, Ling-Lan Chang, Yu-Hsing Shen & Shih-Tong Jeng

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  1. Chih-Ching Lin
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Lin, CC., Jih, PJ., Lin, HH. et al. Nitric oxide activates superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase to repress the cell death induced by wounding. Plant Mol Biol 77, 235–249 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11103-011-9805-x

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