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Cis-cinnamic acid-enhanced 1 gene plays a role in regulation of Arabidopsis bolting

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Abstract

Cis-cinnamic acid (CA) is one of many cis-phenylpropanoids found in both monocots and dicots. It is produced in planta via sunlight-mediated isomerization of trans-cinnamic acid. This pair of isomers plays a differential role in regulation of plant growth. A functional proteomics approach has been adopted to identify genes of cis/trans-CA mixture-enhanced expression. Out of 1,241 proteins identified by mass spectrometry, 32 were CA-enhanced and 13 repressed. Further analysis with the molecular biology approach revealed 2 cis-CA (Zusammen-CA)-Enhanced genes, named ZCE1 and ZCE2, which encode members of the major latex protein-like (MLPL) gene family. The transcript accumulation of both genes is positively correlated with the amount of cis-CA applied externally, ranging from 1 to 100 μM. ZCE1 transcript accumulation is enhanced largely by cis-CA and slightly by other cis-phenylpropanoids. Treatment of several well-characterized plant growth regulator perception-deficient mutants with cis-CA is able to promote ZCE1 transcript accumulation, suggestive of distinct signaling pathways regulating cis-CA response. The zce1 loss-of-function mutant produced via the RNA-interference technique produces an earlier bolting phenotype in Arabidopsis, suggesting that ZCE1 plays a role in promoting vegetative growth and delay flowering.

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Acknowledgments

The research was supported by the grants: HKUST6276/03M, 661207, 661408, HKUST6413/06M, N_HKUST627/06, DAG98/99.SC10, DAG04/05.SC08, DAG93/94.SC06 and HKUST6105/00M, HKUST6105/01M, RPC07/08.SC16, SBI08/09.SC08 and GMGS08/09.SC04, which were awarded to Ning LI by the Research Grant Council of Hong Kong and HKUST R&D.

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  1. Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear water bay, Hong Kong SAR, China

    Di Guo, Wai Shing Wong, Wen Zhao Xu, Fei Fei Sun, Dong Jin Qing & Ning Li

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  1. Di Guo
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  2. Wai Shing Wong
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Guo, D., Wong, W.S., Xu, W.Z. et al. Cis-cinnamic acid-enhanced 1 gene plays a role in regulation of Arabidopsis bolting. Plant Mol Biol 75, 481–495 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11103-011-9746-4

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