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Functional genomic analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana glycoside hydrolase family 1

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Abstract

In plants, Glycoside Hydrolase (GH) Family 1 β-glycosidases are believed to play important roles in many diverse processes including chemical defense against herbivory, lignification, hydrolysis of cell wall-derived oligosaccharides during germination, and control of active phytohormone levels. Completion of the Arabidopsis thalianagenome sequencing project has enabled us, for the first time, to determine the total number of Family 1 members in a higher plant. Reiterative database searches revealed a multigene family of 48 members that includes eight probable pseudogenes. Manual reannotation and analysis of the entire family were undertaken to rectify existing misannotations and identify phylogenetic relationships among family members. Forty-seven members (designated BGLU1 through BGLU47) share a common evolutionary origin and were subdivided into approximately 10 subfamilies based on phylogenetic analysis and consideration of intron–exon organizations. The forty-eighth member of this family (At3g06510; sfr2) is a β-glucosidase-like gene that belongs to a distinct lineage. Information pertaining to expression patterns and potential functions of Arabidopsis GH Family 1 members is presented. To determine the biological function of all family members, we intend to investigate the substrate specificity of each mature hydrolase after its heterologous expression in the Pichia pastoris expression system. To test the validity of this approach, the BGLU44-encoded hydrolase was expressed in P. pastoris and purified to homogeneity. When tested against a wide range of natural and synthetic substrates, this enzyme showed a preference for β-mannosides including 1,4-β-D-mannooligosaccharides, suggesting that it may be involved in A. thaliana in degradation of mannans, galactomannans, or glucogalactomannans. Supporting this notion, BGLU44 shared high sequence identity and similar gene organization with tomato endosperm β-mannosidase and barley seed β-glucosidase/β-mannosidase BGQ60.

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  1. Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Iowa, Iowa, USA

    Zhiwei Xu, Luis Escamilla-Treviño, Lihui Zeng, Chi-Lien Cheng, Ming-Che Shih & Jonathan Poulton

  2. Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa, USA

    Zhiwei Xu

  3. College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, People's Republic of China

    Lihui Zeng

  4. Department of Biology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Virginia, USA

    Mallikarjun Lalgondar & Asim Esen

  5. Biochemistry Department, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Virginia, USA

    David Bevan

  6. Fralin Biotechnology Center, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Virginia, USA

    Brenda Winkel

  7. Department of Biology, Virginia State University, Virginia, USA

    Ali Mohamed

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Xu, Z., Escamilla-Treviño, L., Zeng, L. et al. Functional genomic analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana glycoside hydrolase family 1. Plant Mol Biol 55, 343–367 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11103-004-0790-1

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