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Photosynthesis and salinity: are these mutually exclusive?

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Photosynthetica

Abstract

Photosynthesis has walked into the path of evolution for over millions of years. Organisms relying directly on photosynthesis, when subjected to adverse environments for a long duration, experience retardation in their growth and development. Salinity stress is perceived as one of the major threats to agriculture as it can cause an irreversible damage to the photosynthetic apparatus at any developmental stage of the plant. However, halophytes, a special category of plants, carry out all life processes, including photosynthesis, without showing any compromise even under high saline environments. The fascinating mechanism for Na+ exclusion from cytosol besides retaining photosynthetic efficiency in halophytes can provide a valuable genetic resource for improving salt stress tolerance in glycophytes. Understanding how plants stabilize their photosynthetic machinery and maintain the carbon balance under saline conditions can be extremely useful in designing crops for saline and dry lands.

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Abbreviations

CAM:

Crassulacean acid metabolism

CBB:

Calvin–Benson–Bassham cycle

CP:

chloroplast protrusions

GB:

glycine betaine

G3P:

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

PA:

polyamines

3PGA:

3-phosphoglycerate

PEP:

phosphoenolpyruvate

PRC:

photochemical reaction centre

PTOX:

plastid terminal oxidase

Put:

putrescine

RC:

reaction centre

RuBP:

ribulose-1,5- bisphosphate

SQDG:

sulphoquinovosyldiacylglycerol

Spm:

spermine

Spd:

spermidine

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India

    S. Wungrampha, R. Joshi & A. Pareek

  2. Plant Stress Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India

    S. L. Singla-Pareek

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  1. S. Wungrampha
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Acknowledgements: S. Wungrampha and R. Joshi would like to thank the award of Senior Research Fellowship and Dr. D S Kothari Post Doctoral Fellowship, respectively, from the University Grant Commission, India. A. Pareek acknowledges University with Potential of Excellence (UPE-II), Jawaharlal Nehru University, for financial assistance. Research in the lab of A. Pareek is also supported by funds received from International Atomic Energy Agency (Vienna), India-NWO, DBT, and Indo-US Science and Technology Forum (IUSSTF), New, Delhi. This review article is dedicated to Professor Govindjee who taught us the alphabet of photosynthesis.

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Wungrampha, S., Joshi, R., Singla-Pareek, S.L. et al. Photosynthesis and salinity: are these mutually exclusive?. Photosynthetica 56, 366–381 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11099-017-0763-7

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