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Application of linear models for estimation of leaf area in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr]

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Photosynthetica

Abstract

Leaf area estimation is an important measurement for comparing plant growth in field and pot experiments. In this study, determination of the leaf area (LA, cm2) in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] involves measurements of leaf parameters such as maximum terminal leaflet length (L, cm), width (W, cm), product of length and width (LW), green leaf dry matter (GLDM) and the total number of green leaflets per plant (TNLP) as independent variables. A two-year study was carried out during 2009 (three cultivars) and 2010 (four cultivars) under field conditions to build a model for estimation of LA across soybean cultivars. Regression analysis of LA vs. L and W revealed several functions that could be used to estimate the area of individual leaflet (LE), trifoliate (T) and total leaf area (TLA). Results showed that the LW-based models were better (highest R 2 and smallest RMSE) than models based on L or W and models that used GLDM and TNLP as independent variables. The proposed linear models are: LE = 0.754 + 0.655 LW, (R 2 = 0.98), T = −4.869 + 1.923 LW, (R 2 = 0.97), and TLA = 6.876 + 1.813 ΣLW (summed product of L and W terminal leaflets per plant), (R 2 = 0.99). The validation of the models based on LW and developed on cv. DPX showed that the correlation between calculated and measured LA was strong. Therefore, the proposed models can estimate accurately and massively the LA in soybeans without the use of expensive instrumentation.

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Abbreviations

ALA:

actual leaf area

GLDM:

green leaf dry matter

L:

maximum length terminal leaflet

LA:

leaf area

LE:

leaflet area

LW:

product of length and w0idth of terminal leaflet

OLA:

observation leaf area0

PLA:

prediction leaf area

R 2 :

coefficient of determination

R 2 a :

adjusted coefficient of determination

RMSE:

root mean square error

T:

trifoliate area

TLA:

total leaf area

TNLP:

total number of green leaflets per plant

TV:

tolerance values

VIF:

variance inflation factor

W:

maximum width of terminal leaflet

SRO:

stepwise regression option

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Acknowledgments

We thank Mr R. Ghadiryan and Mrs N. Ramzanzadeh for their kind help during the experimentation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agronomy, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, P.O. Box 49189-43464, Gorgan, Iran

    E. Bakhshandeh & B. Kamkar

  2. School of Agriculture, Laboratory of Agronomy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24, Thessaloniki, Greece

    J. T. Tsialtas

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  1. E. Bakhshandeh
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  2. B. Kamkar
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Correspondence to E. Bakhshandeh.

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Bakhshandeh, E., Kamkar, B. & Tsialtas, J.T. Application of linear models for estimation of leaf area in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr]. Photosynthetica 49, 405–416 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11099-011-0048-5

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