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Leaf diaheliotropic movement can improve carbon gain and water use efficiency and not intensify photoinhibition in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

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Photosynthetica

Abstract

Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) can move leaves to track the sun throughout the day, so-called leaf diaheliotropic movement. This paper reports an experimental test of the hypothesis that leaf diaheliotropic movement in upland cotton can enhance carbon assimilation and not increase the risk of stress from high energy load. In this experiment, cotton leaves were divided into two groups: one was that leaves could track the sun freely; another was that leaves were retained to the horizontal position. The diaheliotropic leaves recorded higher incident irradiance than the restrained ones, especially in the morning and late afternoon. Compared with restrained leaves, diaheliotropic leaves were generally warmer throughout the day. As expected, diaheliotropic leaves had significantly higher diurnal time courses of net photosynthetic rate (P N) than restrained leaves, except during 14:00–18:00 of the local time. Higher instantaneous water-use efficiency (WUE) was observed in diaheliotropic leaves in the early morning and late afternoon than in the restrained leaves. During the given day, diaheliotropic and restrained leaves had similar diurnal time courses of recovery of maximal quantum yield of PSII photochemistry (Fv/Fm). Diaheliotropic leaves recorded lower or similar photochemical quenching coefficient (qp) than restrained leaves did throughout the day. These results suggest that cotton leaf diaheliotropic movement can improve carbon gain and water use efficiency and not intensify photoinhibition.

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Abbreviations

Fm :

maximal chlorophyll fluorescence of dark-adapted state

Fm′:

maximal chlorophyll fluorescence of light-adapted state

Fo :

minimal chlorophyll fluorescence of dark-adapted state

Fo′:

minimal chlorophyll fluorescence of light-adapted state

FP :

fluorescence intensity at the peak of the OJIP at the dark-adapted state

Ft :

steady-state fluorescence during illumination

Fv, Fv′:

variable fluorescence in the dark- and light-adapted state, respectively

Fv/Fm :

maximal quantum yield of PSII photochemistry

g s :

stomatal conductance

NPQ:

nonphotochemical quenching

P N :

net photosynthetic rate

PPFD:

photosynthetic photon flux density

PSII:

photosystem II

qp :

photochemical quenching coefficient

WUE:

water use efficiency

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Acknowledgements

We are very grateful to Dr. Shou-Ren Zhang for his permission to re-draw the diagram for measurement of leaf orientation. This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 30460063), by National Key Technology R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2007BAD44B07) and by Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecoagriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Group, China (Grant No. 200403).

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  1. The Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Group, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, P.R. China

    Y. -L. Zhang, H. -Z. Zhang, G. -Y. Feng, J. -S. Tian & W. -F. Zhang

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  1. Y. -L. Zhang
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  2. H. -Z. Zhang
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  3. G. -Y. Feng
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Correspondence to W. -F. Zhang.

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Zhang, Y.L., Zhang, H.Z., Feng, G.Y. et al. Leaf diaheliotropic movement can improve carbon gain and water use efficiency and not intensify photoinhibition in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Photosynthetica 47, 609–615 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11099-009-0087-3

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