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Knowledge, attitude, and readiness of pharmacists toward medication therapy management for patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a cross-sectional quantitative study

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Abstract

Background

Medication Therapy Management (MTM) is a patient-centered service that optimizes drug therapy, improves clinical outcomes, and enhances quality of life. Pharmacists play a critical role in MTM services and provide comprehensive medication management for patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Aim

The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, and readiness of Iraqi community pharmacists regarding MTM services for ADHD patients.

Method

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 480 Iraqi pharmacists working in community pharmacies in Baghdad. Data were collected using a pre-validated, self-administered questionnaire with 34 items.

Results

Results showed that only 127 (26.5%) pharmacists had good knowledge, 146 (30.4%) had good attitude, and 148 (30.8%) had high readiness regarding MTM services in ADHD patients. Multivariate analyses showed that a higher number of hours worked per week in the hospital was significantly associated with a lower likelihood of high attitude, whereas practicing MTM services, high knowledge, and high attitude were significantly associated with a higher likelihood of high readiness.

Conclusion

The findings of this study indicate that knowledge, attitudes, and readiness for MTM services for ADHD patients are inadequate. Therefore, there is an urgent need for effective educational strategies to better prepare pharmacists for their potential role in the community, particularly for providing MTM services to ADHD patients.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the contribution of pharmacy students of the Scientific Society of the College of Pharmacy at the American University of Iraq—Baghdad (AUIB) for their valuable help in visiting 480 community pharmacies in Baghdad, the capital of Iraq, to collect the data. The authors would also like to thank all the participating pharmacists who spent their valuable time completing the questionnaire.

Funding

No specific funding was received.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Pharmacy, American University of Iraq–Baghdad (AUIB), Baghdad, 10023, Iraq

    Zahraa Al-Dujaili & Achraf Al Faraj

  2. School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, P.O. Box 446, Jounieh, Lebanon

    Souheil Hallit

  3. Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan

    Souheil Hallit

  4. Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon

    Souheil Hallit

Authors
  1. Zahraa Al-Dujaili
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  2. Souheil Hallit
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  3. Achraf Al Faraj
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Correspondence to Achraf Al Faraj.

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Al-Dujaili, Z., Hallit, S. & Al Faraj, A. Knowledge, attitude, and readiness of pharmacists toward medication therapy management for patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a cross-sectional quantitative study. Int J Clin Pharm 45, 1277–1285 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11096-023-01628-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11096-023-01628-3

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