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Knowledge of stroke and medication adherence among patients with recurrent stroke or transient ischemic attack in Indonesia: a multi-center, cross-sectional study

International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy volume 43, pages 666–672 (2021)Cite this article

Abstract

BackgroundThere is a limited data in Indonesia regarding the stroke knowledge and medication adherence among stroke survivors.ObjectiveTo assess the level of stroke knowledge and medication adherence along with their relationship among stroke survivors.SettingTwo tertiary-care hospitals in Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia.MethodsA prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted among 215 stroke survivors. Stroke Knowledge Test and the Morisky Green Levine Adherence Scale questionnaires were used to evaluate stroke knowledge and medication adherence, respectively. Binary logistic regression was performed to assess the rela tionship between stroke knowledge and medication adherence. Main outcome measuresRelationship between stroke knowledge and medication adherence.ResultsA total of 215 patients with mean age of 56.34 ± 8.69 years were recruited into this study. Mean Stroke Knowledge Test score was 7.89 ± 3.38 with 76.7% had low level of stroke knowledge. Mean Morisky Green Levine Adherence Scale was 3.05 ± 1.11 with 52.1% had low to medium medication adherence. Education and duration of stroke correlated with stroke knowledge level (Spearman’s correlation coefficient: 0.307, p = 0.001 and 0.128, p = 0.041, respectively). Age and disability correlated with medication adherence (Spearman’s correlation coefficient: 0.169; p = 0.013 and 0.171; p = 0.012), respectively. After adjustment for covariates, stroke knowledge level was independently associated with medication adherence (adjusted OR: 4.37, 95% CI 2.00–9.53; p < 0.001).ConclusionStroke knowledge was low among Indonesian stroke survivors and independently related to medication adherence. Attempts should be made to increase stroke knowledge which may improve medication adherence among stroke survivors.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge and thank all the staff of the two ambulatory clinics of the Neurology Department of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital and Universitas Airlangga Hospital for their support during the study period. We thank Professor Karen Sullivan for her kind permission to use the Stroke Knowledge Test in this study. We also thank the Lembaga Bahasa Universitas Sanata Dharma and the Ubaya Language Center for their help with forward and backward translation of questionnaires, respectively.

Funding

The authors received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

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Affiliations

  1. Clinical Pharmacy Division, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, 447 Sri-Ayutthaya Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand

    Karina Kumaladewi Widjaja, Suvatna Chulavatnatol, Thanarat Suansanae & Surakit Nathisuwan

  2. Centre for Medicines Information and Pharmaceutical Care (CMIPC), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia

    Yosi Irawati Wibowo

  3. Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

    Achmad Firdaus Sani & Wardah Rahmatul Islamiyah

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  1. Karina Kumaladewi Widjaja
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  2. Suvatna Chulavatnatol
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  3. Thanarat Suansanae
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  4. Yosi Irawati Wibowo
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  5. Achmad Firdaus Sani
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  6. Wardah Rahmatul Islamiyah
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  7. Surakit Nathisuwan
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Correspondence to Surakit Nathisuwan.

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Widjaja, K.K., Chulavatnatol, S., Suansanae, T. et al. Knowledge of stroke and medication adherence among patients with recurrent stroke or transient ischemic attack in Indonesia: a multi-center, cross-sectional study. Int J Clin Pharm 43, 666–672 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11096-020-01178-y

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Keywords

  • Indonesia
  • Knowledge
  • Medication adherence
  • Recurrent stroke