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Predictors of self-medication in Serbian adult population: cross-sectional study

International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy volume 40, pages 627–634 (2018)Cite this article

Abstract

Background In spite of many benefits for individuals and community, self-medication has a number of potential risks. Objective To identify predictors of self-medication with over-the-counter and prescription (Rx) medicines without doctor’s prescription. Setting Serbian population of 15 years of age and over. Method This was crosssectional, epidemiological study. Data have been drawn from Serbian National Health Survey 2013 database. Predictors of self-medication were determined among sociodemographic, health related and health services related factors, using multivariate logistic regression models. Main outcome measure Prevalence and predictors of selfmedication. Results The study included 14,623 participants. The prevalence of selfmedication was 27.1 and 24% after exclusion of vitamins, minerals and herbal preparations. Medicines for pain relief were the mostly used medicines without doctors’ prescription in 18.4% of participants. A relatively high prevalence of self-medication with Rx medicines, (1) tranquilizers and sleeping pills, (2) antibiotics and (3) antihypertensives, was found, 4, 2.5 and 1.9%, respectively. Socio-demographic factors (middle age, female gender, higher level of education), health related factors (chronic disease, stress, physical pain), and health service related factors (nonrealized healthcare needs due to long waiting, dissatisfaction with publicly funded health services) have been found as significantly associated with self-medication. Conclusion Self-medication in Serbia is predicted by socio-demographic and health related factors, unmet needs for healthcare and dissatisfaction with publicly funded healthcare services. Improvements in healthcare system, particularly, shortening of long waiting for healthcare services and improvements in pharmaceutical services, particularly better control of Rx medicines dispensing, could contribute in improvement of responsible self-medication.

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Acknowledgements

We are very grateful to all participants of Serbian National Health Survey 2013. We are also very grateful to Marina Cvijić, Bachelor of Arts in English Language and Ivan Čvorović, M.D., native English speaker, for editing of the manuscript.

Funding

No funding has been received for this study.

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Affiliations

  1. City Institute of Public Health, Boulevard Despota Stefana 54a, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia

    Katica Tripković & Andjelija Nešković

  2. Institute of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 15, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia

    Janko Janković

  3. Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, Belgrade, 11221, Serbia

    Marina Odalović

Authors
  1. Katica Tripković
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  2. Andjelija Nešković
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  3. Janko Janković
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  4. Marina Odalović
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Correspondence to Marina Odalović.

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Tripković, K., Nešković, A., Janković, J. et al. Predictors of self-medication in Serbian adult population: cross-sectional study. Int J Clin Pharm 40, 627–634 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11096-018-0624-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11096-018-0624-x

Keywords

  • Health survey
  • Predictive factors
  • Self-medication
  • Serbia