Abstract
The main compounds of non-thermal plasmas generated by a discharge in humid air at atmospheric pressure are re-examined to explain the twin chemical properties of discharges over aqueous waste solutions, i.e. the acid and oxidizing effects. The acid effects are attributed to transient nitrous and peroxynitrous acids and to stable nitric acid. The matching oxidizing power of the discharge species onto solutes is due to water soluble H2O2 provided by the dimer formation of °OH and also to peroxynitrous acid ONOOH and its salt which are involved in the oxidation process of nitrous to nitric acid.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Czernichowski A (1994) Gliding arc: applications to engineering and environmental control. Pure Appl Chem 66:1301–1310
von Engel A (1965) Ionized gases, 2nd edn. Clarendon Press, Oxford, p 223
Kamgang-Noubissi JO (2005) Modification des propriétés physicochimiques des surfaces de matériaux par plasma d’arc glissant d’air humide (in French); PhD Dissertation, Universities of Rouen (France) and Yaounde I (Cameroon)
Brisset J-L, Moussa D, Doubla A, Hnatiuc E, Hnatiuc B, Kamgang YG, Herry J-M, Naïtali N, Bellon-Fontaine M-N (2008) Chemical reactivity of discharges and temporal post-discharges in plasma treatment of aqueous media: examples of gliding discharges treated solutions. Ind Eng Chem Res 47:5761–5781
Malik MA (2010) Water purification by plasmas: which reactors are most energy efficient ? Plasma Chem Plasma Process 30:21–31
Bruggeman P, Leys C (2009) Non-thermal plasmas in and in contact with liquids. J Phys D Appl Phys 42:053001
Burlica R, Locke BR (2008) Pulsed plasma gliding arc discharges with water spray. IEEE Trans Ind Appl 44:482
Benstaali B, Boubert P, Chéron B, Addou A, Brisset J-L (2002) Density and rotational temperature measurements of the NO and OH radicals produced by a gliding arc in humid air and their interaction with aqueous solutions. Plasma Chem Plasma Process 22:553–571
Delair L, Brisset J-L, Cheron B (2001) Spectral, electrical and dynamic analysis of a 50 Hz air gliding arc. J High Temp Mater Process 5:381–402
Allosi M, Dunn M, Livada J, Kirschner K, Shields G (2006) Do hydroxyl radical-water clusters, OH(H2O)n, exist in the atmopshere? J Phys Chem A 110:13286–13289
Rabani J, Matheson M (1964) Pulse radiolytic determination of pK for hydroxyl ionic dissociation in the radiation chemistry of water. J Am Chem Soc 86:3175
Sehested K, Holeman J, Hart E (1983) J Phys Chem 87: 1951 (cited in Getoff N. - Peroxyl Radicals in the treatment of waste solutions. In: Alfassi Z (ed) Peroxyl radicals (1997) J. Wiley & Sons, Chichester, UK. Chap. 16)
Wallington T, Nielsen O, Schested J (1997) Reactions of organic peroxyl radicals in the gas phase. In: Alfassi Z (ed) Peroxyl radicals, Chap 7. Wiley, Chichester
Sehested K, Holeman J, Bjergbakke E, Hart E (1984) J Phys Chem 88: 4144 (cited in N. Getoff - Peroxyl Radicals in the treatment of waste solutions. In: Alfassi Z (ed) Peroxyl radicals (1997) J. Wiley & Sons, Chichester, UK. Chap. 16)
Buxton G, Greenstock C, Helman W, Ross A (1988) J Phys Chem Ref Data 17:513
Katsumura Y (1998) NO2 and NO3 radicals in radiolysis of nitric acid solutions. In: Alfassi Z (ed) N centered radicals, Chap 12. Wiley, Chichester, pp 393–412
Elsayed N (1998) Toxicity of nitrogen oxides. In: Alfassi Z (ed) N centered radicals, Chap 6. Wiley, Chichester, pp 181–206
Dorthe G (1998) Reactions of NO in the gas phase. In Alfassi Z (ed) N centered radicals, Chap. 1. Wiley, Chichester, pp 1–38
Warman P (1998) Nitrogen dioxide in biology: correlating chemical kinetics and biological effects. In: Alfassi Z (ed) N centered radicals, Chap. 5. Wiley, Chichester, pp 155–180
Kannan K, Udayakumar M (2009) Modeling of NO formation in single cylinder direct injection Diesel engine using Diesel-Water emulsion. Am J Appl Sci 6:1313–1320
Atkinson R, Baulch D, Cox R, Hampson R, Kerr J, Troe J (1992) Evaluated kinetic and photochemical data for atmospheric chemistry; supplement IV. J Phys Chem Ref Data 21:1125
Brisset J-L, Dubreuil N, Lelièvre J (1995) Electrolysis reactions in a d.c. Corona discharge in humid air. Pol J Appl Chem XXXIX z4:557–571
Abdelmalek F (2003) Plasmachimie des solutions aqueuses. Application à la degradation de composés toxiques (in French); Plasmachemistry of aqueous solutions; Application to the removal of harmful compounds. PhD. Dissertation, Mostaganem University, Algeria
Halfpenny E, Robinson PL (1952) Pernitrous acid. The reaction between hydrogen peroxide and nitrous acid, and the properties of an intermediate product. J Chem Soc 928–938
Edwards JO, Plumb RC (1994) The chemistry of peroxonitrites. In: Progress in inorganic chemistry, vol 41. Wiley, Chichester, pp 599–635
Pannala A, Singh S, Rice-Evans C (1999) Interaction of carotenoids and tocopherols with peroxynitrite. In Packer L (ed) Methods in enzymology, vol. 301-C, Chap. 34. Academic Press, London, pp 319–332
Ceballos-Picot I, Blum D, Ramassamy C, Przedborski S (2005) Le stress oxydant dans les processus neurodegeneratifs et la mort neuronale: cause ou consequence? In: Delattre J, Beaudeux JL, Bonnefont-Rousselot D (eds) Radicaux libres et stress oxydant, Chap. 15. Tec&Doc Lavoisier, Paris, pp 429–474
Seago N, Clark D, Miller M (1995) Role of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and peroxynitrite in gut inflammation. Inflamm Res 44(Supp 2):S153–S154
Heinecke J (2002) Oxidized amino acids: culprits in human atheroscleriosis and indicators of oxidative stress. Free Rad Biol Med 32:1090–1101
Pannala AS, Rice-Evans C, Halliwell B, Singh S (1997) Inhibition of peroxynitrite mediated tyrosine nitration by catechin polyphenols. Biochem Biophys Res Comun 232:164–168
Pryor W, Squadrito G (1995) The chemistry of peroxynitrite: a product from the reaction of nitric oxide with superoxide. Am J Physiol 268:L699–L722
Goldstein S, Czapski G (1995) The reaction of NO° with O2°−: a pulse radiolysis study. Free Rad Biol Med 19:505–510
Huie R, Padmaja S (1993) Reaction of °NO with O2°−. Free Rad Res Commun 18:195–199
Ischiropoulos H, Zhu L, Beckman J (1992) Peroxynitrite formation from macrophage derived nitric oxide. Arch Biochem Biophys 298:446–451
Benstaali B, Moussa D, Addou A, Brisset J-L (1998) Plasma treatment of aqueous solutes: some chemical properties of a gliding arc in humid air. Euro Phys J Appl Phys 4:171–179
Moussa D, Abdelmalek F, Benstaali B, Addou A, Hnatiuc E, Brisset JL (2005) Acidity control of the oxidation reactions induced by non-thermal plasma treatment of aqueous effluents in pollutant abatement processes. Euro Phys J Appl Phys 29:189–199
Brisset J-L, Benstaali B, Moussa D, Fanmoe J, Njoyim-Tamungang E (2011) Acidity control of plasma-chemical oxidation: application to dye removal, urban wastes abatement and microbial inactivation. Plasma Sources Sci Technol 20:034021
Brisset J-L, Dubreuil N, Lelièvre J (1995) Electrolysis reactions in a DC corona discharge in humid air. Polish J Appl Chem XXXIX z.4:557–571
Porter D, Poplin M, Holzer F, Finney W, Locke BR (2009) Formation of hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen and oxygen in gliding arc electrical discharge reactors with water spray. IEEE Trans Ind Appl 45:623–629
Koppenol W, Moreno J, Pryor W, Ischiropoulos H, Beckman H (1992) Peroxynitrite, a cloaked oxidant formed by nitric oxide and superoxide. Chem Res Toxicol 2:834–842
Koppenol W (1998) The basic chemistry of nitrogen monoxide and peroxynitrite. Free Rad Biol Med 25:385–391
Liu C, Lin J-M, Huie C, Yamada M (2004) Chimiluminescence study of carbonate and peroxynitrous acid and its application to the direct determination of nitrite based on solid surface enhancement. Analytica Chim Acta 510:29–34
Liang J, Liu Z-H, Cai RX (2005) A novel method for determination of peroxynitrite based on hemoglobine catalyzed reaction. Analytica Chim Acta 530:317–324
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Brisset, JL., Hnatiuc, E. Peroxynitrite: A Re-examination of the Chemical Properties of Non-thermal Discharges Burning in Air Over Aqueous Solutions. Plasma Chem Plasma Process 32, 655–674 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11090-012-9384-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11090-012-9384-x