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Relational Spirituality, Mature Alterity, and Spiritual Service among Ministry Leaders: An Empirical Study

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Abstract

Christian communities in the United States increasingly are debating sociopolitical issues and the relevance of social justice and cultural diversity to Christian spirituality. The present study investigated connections between spiritual maturity, mature alterity, spiritual service, and spiritual leadership in a predominantly female and ethnically diverse sample of Christian ministry leaders (N = 115) in the United States. Spiritual maturity was operationalized based on a relational spirituality model using measures representing dwelling- and seeking-oriented dimensions. Spiritual service was assessed through (a) sanctification of service and (b) a differentiated posture of listening to the struggles of others. Results showed both measures of spiritual maturity were significantly and positively related to social justice commitment, differentiated listing, and intercultural competence (the latter among female but not male ministry leaders) over and above effects for age and spiritual impression management. A dwelling-oriented measure of spiritual maturity was positively associated with the sanctification of leadership service, whereas a seeking-oriented measure of spiritual maturity showed a modest positive association with spiritual leadership. Spiritual leadership was unrelated to measures of mature alterity. Findings are discussed with respect to limitations, future psychological research, and theological implications for postcolonial pastoral leadership and spirituality.

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Acknowledgments

We are dedicating this paper to Reverend Amy Durfee West, who was an integral coauthor on this project but died before it came to publication. We honor her legacy of passionate spiritual commitment to social justice and respect for diversity.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Boston University, School of Theology, 745 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA, 02215, USA

    Choi Hee An, Amy Durfee West, Steven J. Sandage & Chance A. Bell

  2. Albert & Jessie Danielsen Institute, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA

    Steven J. Sandage & Chance A. Bell

  3. MF Norwegian School of Theology, Oslo, Norway

    Steven J. Sandage

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  1. Choi Hee An
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  2. Amy Durfee West
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  3. Steven J. Sandage
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  4. Chance A. Bell
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Correspondence to Choi Hee An.

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Amy Durfee West died before publication of this work was completed

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An, C.H., West, A.D., Sandage, S.J. et al. Relational Spirituality, Mature Alterity, and Spiritual Service among Ministry Leaders: An Empirical Study. Pastoral Psychol 68, 127–143 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11089-018-0846-9

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