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Chromium Volatilization Rates from Cr2O3 Scales into Flowing Gases Containing Water Vapor

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Abstract

The mass-transfer coefficient for CrO2(OH)2 volatilization into flowing air-10% H2O or steam was evaluated using classical gas transport theory in the viscous-flow regime. The resulting values were applied to new thermodynamic data for the reaction: 1/2 Cr2O3 + 3/4 O2(g) + H2O(g) = CrO2(OH)2(g) to predict Cr-evaporation fluxes in the temperature range 650–800°C. The calculation was found to predict correctly the Cr-loss rate measured from foil specimens of Fe–20Cr–25Ni+Nb (alloy 709) exposed for up to 10,000 hr under these conditions. In 240 atm (24 MPa) high-purity steam, the calculations suggest that the Cr-evaporation rates will be much lower than in humid air.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank L. D. Chitwood, G. Garner, J. Moser, L. Walker and H. Longmire at ORNL for assistance with the experimental work and S. Dryepondt, I. G. Wright and P. F. Tortorelli for comments on the manuscript. This research was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, Distributed Energy Program, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Materials Science & Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia

    D. J. Young

  2. Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6156, USA

    B. A. Pint

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  1. D. J. Young
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Correspondence to D. J. Young.

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Young, D.J., Pint, B.A. Chromium Volatilization Rates from Cr2O3 Scales into Flowing Gases Containing Water Vapor. Oxid Met 66, 137–153 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11085-006-9030-1

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