Abstract
Titanium was powder siliconized and gas nitrided, in order to improve its cyclic-oxidation resistance. Siliconizing was performed in a pure-silicon powder at temperatures in the range of 800–1100° C for 3–48 h. Gas nitriding was carried out in pure N2 at 1100° C/12 h. Cyclic-oxidation experiments with the siliconized and nitrided samples were conducted in air at 850 and 950° C for up to 560 h. It was found that the siliconized layers grew according to the parabolic law with the activation energy for siliconizing E S being 47.2 kJ mol−1. Powder siliconizing at 900–1100° C/3 h produced multi-phase layers, in which Ti5Si3 silicide predominated The siliconizing temperature of 800° C/3 h appeared to be insufficient, because it led to a non-uniform surface layer with a slight protective effect. The nitrided layers were composed of titanium nitride TiN and α-Ti(N) intestitial solid solution. Measurement of the oxidation kinetics revealed that the titanium siliconized at 900–1100° C/3 h oxidized much more slowly than pure Ti, Ti–6Al–4V alloy and nitrided titanium. Microstructural investigation revealed the complex sub-structure of the scales on the siliconized samples which was composed of rutile+silica, rutile and nitrogen-rich sub-layers. The mechanism of high-temperature cyclic oxidation of the siliconized and nitrided titanium is discussed.
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Vojtěch, D., Kubatík, T., Jurek, K. et al. Cyclic-Oxidation Resistance of Protective Silicide Layers on Titanium. Oxid Met 63, 305–323 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11085-005-4385-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11085-005-4385-2