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Performance analysis for UOWC transmission system using NRZ, AMI, and CSRZ modulation schemes

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Abstract

In this paper, three different modulation formats; namely non return to zero (NRZ), alternate mark inversion (AMI), and carrier compressed return to zero (CSRZ) are used in an underwater optical wireless communication (UOWC) system. A laser diode (LD) source operating at 532 nm is used. A comparison of transmission performance using these modulation schemes in the UOWC system are preferred in terms of received optical power, bit error rate (BER), Q-factor, and eye diagrams at 10 Gbps data rate. Additionally, real underwater environments such as pure sea (PS), clear ocean (CO), coastal sea (CS), harbor I (HI), and harbor II (HII) are considered. The simulation findings indicate that using the NRZ modulation scheme in UWOC system achieves the best performance, while the worst performance is observed when CSRZ is utilized. Further, the low attenuation caused by PS results in a longer underwater distance with higher received power and lower BER. At BER \(\sim {10}^{-9}\), and received power of \(\sim\) − 21 dBm, the underwater spans of 28 m for PS, 18.6 m for CO, 11.7 m for CS, and 4.06 m for HII are obtained when NRZ line coding is employed. Furthermore, at the same BER and received power, these underwater ranges are decreased to 26.3 m, 17.8 m, 11.3 m, and 3.96 m for PS, CO, CS, and HII, respectively, when CSRZ modulation format is used.

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The data used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, University Institute of Engineering, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India

    Mehtab Singh

  2. Optiwave Systems Inc, Ottawa, Canada

    Ahmad Atieh

  3. Electronics and Communications Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, Alexandria, 1029, Egypt

    Moustafa H. Aly

  4. Alexandria Higher Institute of Engineering and Technology, Alexandria, Egypt

    Somia A. Abd El-Mottaleb

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  1. Mehtab Singh
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  2. Ahmad Atieh
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  4. Somia A. Abd El-Mottaleb
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MS, AA, MHA, and SAA have directly participated in the planning, execution, and analysis of this study. All authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Moustafa H. Aly.

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Singh, M., Atieh, A., Aly, M.H. et al. Performance analysis for UOWC transmission system using NRZ, AMI, and CSRZ modulation schemes. Opt Quant Electron 55, 1259 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-023-05559-1

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