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Optimization of BaSnO3 as a compact layer for enhancement of DSSC performance using response surface methodology/Box–Behnken design

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Abstract

In this study, the optimization of BaSnO3 perovskite as a compact layer in a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) was conducted via a spin-coating method. The experiment in this study was designed by response surface methodology with Box–Behnken design (RSM/BBD). Three important factors were studied i.e., annealing duration, annealing temperature and the number of drop-casting. The relationship between these factors was studied and used to identify the best parameters for DSSC performance. The statistical analysis (ANOVA) illustrated the significance of all three parameters towards the PCE of the DSSC. The validation test showed the experimental PCE was 4.82%, which is in good agreement with the predicted value (4.82%) by the model.

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Acknowledgements

The work is supported by financial support from Matching Grant UPM-Kyutech (UPM-KYUTECH/2022/9300484) and Universiti Putra Malaysia Research Grant (GP-IPS/2022/9737600). Thanks to Graduate Research Fellowship (GRF) for the scholarship given to Logeswary Fiter. We would like to thank Dr. Muhammad Norhaffis Mustafa for his technical support.

Funding

This research was funded by Matching Grant UPM-Kyutech (UPM-KYUTECH/2022/9300484) and Universiti Putra Malaysia Research Grant (GP-IPS/2022/9737600).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Functional Nanotechnology Devices Laboratory, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ION2), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

    Logeswary Fiter & Yusran Sulaiman

  2. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

    Yusran Sulaiman

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  1. Logeswary Fiter
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  2. Yusran Sulaiman
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Contributions

LF: Methodology,conceptualisation, data curation, data analysis, writing and editing original draft. YS: Supervision, resources, validation, writing-reviewing and editing, funding acquisation.

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Correspondence to Yusran Sulaiman.

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Fiter, L., Sulaiman, Y. Optimization of BaSnO3 as a compact layer for enhancement of DSSC performance using response surface methodology/Box–Behnken design. Opt Quant Electron 55, 1234 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-023-05519-9

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