Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Design and evaluation of novel hybrid quantum resistant cryptographic system for enhancing security in wireless body sensor networks

  • Published:
Optical and Quantum Electronics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Data and information secrecy during storage or transmission has been preserved through the use of cryptography. Consequently, cryptography studies have also progressed from traditional Caesar cipher to the existing cryptographic protocols depending on quantum computing, starting with the latest modular arithmetic-based cryptosystems. The strength of modular arithmetic ciphers lies in the fact that they are computationally difficult to break, but with the advent of quantum computing, even these issues can be cracked with in polynomial time. Research on post-quantum cryptography began in response to this danger, with the goal of creating post-quantum algorithms that are immune to quantum computing. However, cryptographic methods confront a number of other problems, including, but not limited to, availability, integrity, and vulnerability. Despite the researchers’ successes, security is still a major issue for Quantum Computing. Because of its many advantages, cyberspace has quickly become the most common medium for disseminating information. Because of the exponential growth of science and technology, notably quantum computers, cyber security is now the top priority for the Internet and other wireless systems. The fundamental goal of this work is to create a Hybrid Quantum Cryptosystem that can be implemented in Wireless Body Sensor Networks. Using a series of comparisons with existing algorithms, we will determine how well our suggested hybrid algorithm operates in terms of key length, key generation time, decryption and encryption timings, and overall speed. The proposed approach attains 10.3 minimal rate of error, which outperforms the existing state-of-art techniques.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

Data available on request from the authors.

References

  • Abushgra, A.A., Elleithy, K.M.: A shared secret key initiated by EPR authentication and qubit transmission channels. IEEE Access 5, 17753–17763 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  • Almuhaideb, A.M.: Re-AuTh: lightweight Re-authentication with practical key management for wireless body area networks. Arab. J. Sci. Eng. 46(9), 8189–8202 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  • Alzahrani, B.A., Irshad, A., Albeshri, A., Alsubhi, K.: A provably secure and lightweight patient-healthcare authentication protocol in wireless body area networks. Wirel. Pers. Commun. 117(1), 47–69 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  • Awotunde, J.B., Jimoh, R.G., Folorunso, S.O., Adeniyi, E.A., Abiodun, K.M., Banjo, O.O.: Privacy and security concerns in IoT-based healthcare systems. In: The Fusion of Internet of Things, Artificial Intelligence, and Cloud Computing in Health Care, pp. 105–134. Springer, Cham (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  • Azees, M., Vijayakumar, P., Karuppiah, M., Nayyar, A.: An efficient anonymous authentication and confidentiality preservation schemes for secure communications in wireless body area networks. Wirel. Netw. 27(3), 2119–2130 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  • Benioff, P.: The computer as a physical system: a microscopic quantum mechanical Hamiltonian model of computers as represented by Turing machines. J. Stat. Phys. 22, 563–591 (1980)

    ADS  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Bindel, N., Herath, U., McKague, M., Stebila, D.: Transitioning to a quantum-resistant public key infrastructure. In: Lange, T., Takagi, T. (eds.) Post-Quantum Cryptography, pp. 384–405. Springer, Cham (2017)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Bindel, N., Brendel, J., Fischlin, M., Goncalves, B., Stebila, D.: Hybrid key encapsulation mechanisms and authenticated key exchange. In: Ding, J., Steinwandt, R. (eds.) Post-Quantum Cryptography, pp. 206–226. Springer, Cham (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  • Braithwaite, M.: Google security blog: experimenting with post-quantum cryptography. (2016)

  • Chaudhary, S., Singh, A., Chatterjee, K.: Wireless Body Sensor Network (WBSN) Security and Privacy Issues: A Survey (March 19, 2019). Int. J. Comput. Int. IoT, 2(2), (2019) Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3355560

  • Chen, Z., Zhou, K., Liao, Q.: Quantum identity authentication scheme of vehicular ad-hoc networks. Int. J. Theor. Phys. 58(1), 40–57 (2019)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Chunka, C., Banerjee, S.: An efficient mutual authentication and symmetric key agreement scheme for wireless body area network. Arab. J. Sci. Eng. 46(9), 8457–8473 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  • Denis, R., Madhubala, P.: Hybrid data encryption model integrating multi-objective adaptive genetic algorithm for secure medical data communication over cloud-based healthcare systems. Multimed. Tools Appl. 80(14), 21165–21202 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  • Deutsch, D.: Quantum theory, the church-turing principle and the universal quantum computer. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A400, 97–117 (1985)

    ADS  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Dodis, Y., Katz, J.: Chosen-ciphertext security of multiple encryption. In: Kilian, J. (ed.) Theory of Cryptography, pp. 188–209. Springer, Berlin (2015)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Feynman, R.P.U.: Simulating physics with computers. Int. J. Theor. Phys. 21, 467–488 (1982)

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Gautam, A.K., Kumar, R.: A comprehensive study on key management, authentication and trust management techniques in wireless sensor networks. SN Appl. Sci. 3(1), 393 (2021)

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Ghosh, C., Parag, A., Datta, S.: Different vulnerabilities and challenges of quantum key distribution protocol: a review’. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Sci. 8(8), 307–311 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  • Giacon, F., Heuer, F., Poettering, B.: KEM combiners. In: Abdalla, M., Dahab, R. (eds.) Public-Key Cryptography—PKC 2018, pp. 190–218. Springer, Cham (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  • Hajar, M.S., Al-Kadri, M.O., Kalutarage, H.K.: A survey on wireless body area networks: architecture, security challenges and research opportunities. Comput. Secur. 104, 102211 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  • Harnik, D., Kilian, J., Naor, M., Reingold, O., Rosen, A.: On robust combiners for oblivious transfer and other primitives. In: Advances in Cryptology—EUROCRYPT 2005, pp. 96–113. Springer, Berlin (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  • Herzberg, A.: Folklore, practice and theory of robust combiners. J. Comput. Secur. 17, 159–189 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  • Hohenberger, S., Lewko, A., Waters, B.: Detecting dangerous queries: a new approach for chosen ciphertext security. In: Pointcheval, D., Johansson, T. (eds.) Advances in Cryptology—EUROCRYPT 2012, pp. 663–681. Springer, Berlin (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  • Hussain, S.J., Irfan, M., Jhanjhi, N.Z., Hussain, K., Humayun, M.: Performance enhancement in wireless body area networks with secure communication. Wirel. Pers. Commun. 116(1), 1–22 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  • Iqbal, J., Umar, A.I., Amin, N., Waheed, A.: Efficient and secure attribute-based heterogeneous online/offline signcryption for body sensor networks based on blockchain. Int. J. Distrib. Sens. Netw. 15(9), 1550147719875654 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  • Iqbal, J., Waheed, A., Zareei, M., et al.: A lightweight and secure attribute-based multi receiver generalized signcryption scheme for body sensor networks. IEEE Access 8, 200283–200304 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  • Jan, S.U., Ali, S., Abbasi, I.A., Mosleh, M.A., Alsanad, A., Khattak, H.: Secure patient authentication framework in the healthcare system using wireless medical sensor networks. J. Healthc. Eng. 2021, 9954089 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  • Jao, D., Feo, L.D.: Towards quantum-resistant cryptosystems from super singular elliptic curve isogenies. Pqcrypto 7071, 19–34 (2021)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Kampanakis, P., Panburana, P., Daw, E., Van Geest, D.: The viability of post-quantum X.509 certificates. In: IACR Cryptology ePrint Archive, Report 2018/063. (2018)

  • Karunarathne, S.M., Saxena, N., Khan, M.K.: Security and privacy in IoT smart healthcare. IEEE Internet Comput. 25(4), 37–48 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  • Khan, M.A.R., Shavkatovich, S.N., Nagpal, B., Kumar, A., Haq, M.A., Tharini, V.J., Alazzam, M.B.: Optimizing hybrid metaheuristic algorithm with cluster head to improve performance metrics on the IoT. Theor. Comput. Sci. 927, 87–97 (2022)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Kuwakado, H., Morii, M.: Quantum distinguished between the 3-round Feistel cipher and the random permutation. In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory, Austin, TX, USA, 12–18 June 2019; pp. 2682–2685

  • Langley, A.: Intent to implement and ship: CECPQ1 for TLS. Google Group. (2016)

  • Lu, C., Miao, F., Meng, K., Yu, Y.: Threshold quantum secret sharing based on single qubit. Quantum Inf. Process. 17(3), 1–13 (2018)

    ADS  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Manin, Y.: Mathematics and Physics. American Mathematical Society, Providence (1981)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  • McEliece, R.J.: A public-key cryptosystem based on algebraic. Coding Thv 4244, 114–116 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  • Merkle, R.: Secrecy, Authentication, and Public Key Systems; Computer Science Series. UMI Research Press, Ann Arbor (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  • Miri, J., Nsiri, B., Bouallegue, R.: Certificateless based quantum cryptosystem for ad-hoc UWB-IR. Wirel. Pers. Commun. 114(2), 1805–1823 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  • Narwal, B., Mohapatra, A.K.: SAMAKA: secure and anonymous mutual authentication and key agreement scheme for wireless body area networks. Arab. J. Sci. Eng. 46(9), 9197–9219 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  • Naveen Kumar, K., Raj Kumar, G.V.S., Praveen Kumar, K.T., Chandra Sekhar, P.: Bitwise operations-based encryption and decryption. Int. J. Comput. Sci. Eng. 3(1), 50–54 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  • Nidhya, R., Shanthi, S., Kumar, M.: A novel encryption design for wireless body area network in remote healthcare system using enhanced RSA algorithm. Intell. Syst. Design 1171, 255–263 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  • Nielsen, M.A., Chuang, I.: Quantum Computation and Quantum Information. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2022)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Qazi, R., Qureshi, K.N., Bashir, F., Islam, N.U., Iqbal, S., et al.: Security protocol using elliptic curve cryptography algorithm for wireless sensor networks. J. Ambient. Intell. Humaniz. Comput. 12(1), 547–566 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  • Regev, O.: On lattices, learning with errors, random linear codes, and cryptography. JACM 56, 34 (2019)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Rivest, R., Shamir, A., Adleman, L.: A method for obtaining digital for signatures and public-Key cryptosystems. Commun. ACM 1978(21), 120–126 (2014)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Sandeep, V., Niranjan, A.: Implementation of a modified BB84 algorithm for secure key exchange in a normal network. Int. J. Eng. Res. Technol. 2(14), 48–50 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  • Shor, P.W.: Polynomial-time algorithms for prime factorization and discrete logarithms on a quantum computer. SIAM J. Comput. 26, 1484–1509 (1997)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Singh, A., Chaudhary, R.R.K., Chatterjee, K.: A novel privacy preservation mechanism for wireless medical sensor networks. Adv. Electron. Commun. Comput. 709, 173–182 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  • Sivasangari, A., Ananthi, A., Deepa, D., Rajesh, G., Raajini, X.M.: Security and privacy in wireless body sensor networks using lightweight cryptography scheme. Secur. Priv. Issues IoT Devices Sens. Netw. 3, 43–59 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  • Soni, M., Singh, D.K.: LAKA: lightweight Authentication and key agreement protocol for internet of things based wireless body area network. Wirel. Pers. Commun. 127(2), 1067–1084 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  • Tharini, V.J., Shivakumar, B.L.: An efficient pruned matrix aided utility tree for high utility itemset mining from transactional database. Int. J. Intell. Syst. Appl. Eng. 11(4s), 46–55 (2023)

    Google Scholar 

  • Tharini, V.J., Vijayarani, S.: IoT in healthcare: ecosystem, pillars, design challenges, applications, vulnerabilities, privacy, and security concerns. In: Incorporating the Internet of Things in healthcare applications and wearable devices, pp. 1–22. IGI Global, Hershey (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  • Wan, T., Wang, L., Liao, W., Yue, S.: A lightweight continuous authentication scheme for medical wireless body area networks. Peer-to-Peer Netw. Appl. 14(6), 3473–3487 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  • Yan, S.Y.: Integer Factorization and Discrete Logarithms Primality Testing and Integer Factorization in Public-Key Cryptography, pp. 139–191. Springer, Berlin (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang, W., Wang, S.: A privacy-preserving ECG-based authentication system for securing wireless body sensor networks. IEEE Internet Things J. 9(8), 6148–6158 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, C., Cash, D., Wang, X., Yu, X., Chow, S.S.M.: Combiners for chosen-ciphertext security. In: Dinh, T.N., Thai, M.T. (eds.) Computing and Combinatorics, pp. 257–268. Springer, Cham (2016)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

No acknowledgement

Funding

No funding is involved in this work.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Computer Science, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Puducherry 605014, India

    Govindu Surla & R. Lakshmi

Authors
  1. Govindu Surla
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. R. Lakshmi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

Conceptualization, Methodology, Software,Writing- Reviewing and Editing: GOVINDU SURLA & Dr. R. LAKSHMI

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Govindu Surla.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

Conflict of Interest is not applicable in this work.

Consent to participate

No participation of humans takes place in this implementation process.

Human and animal rights

No violation of Human and Animal Rights is involved.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Surla, G., Lakshmi, R. Design and evaluation of novel hybrid quantum resistant cryptographic system for enhancing security in wireless body sensor networks. Opt Quant Electron 55, 1252 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-023-05518-w

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-023-05518-w

Keywords

Search

Navigation