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Solutions of (3+1)-dimensional extended quantum nonlinear Zakharov–Kuznetsov equation using the generalized Kudryashov method and the modified Khater method

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Abstract

This article deals with finding some exact solutions of the (3+1)-dimensional nonlinear extended quantum Zakharov–Kuznetsov equation using the generalized Kudryashov method and the modified Khater method. This model is used for ion-acoustic waves in a magnetized plasma containing cold ions and hot isothermal electrons. The governing equation is transfigured into an ordinary differential equation using a suitable wave transformation. By the application of the proposed methods, trigonometric, hyperbolic and rational solutions have been obtained. The obtained solutions can be further classified as Kink solitons, dark solitons, singular solitons and periodic solutions. Moreover, the constraint conditions for the validity of the solutions have also been provided. These schemes have bountiful preferences for examining solitons. These methods are reliable and computationally strong. A comparative discussion between results obtained by the proposed techniques and the results obtained by the previous techniques are also presented. For discussing the physical behavior of model, some of the constructed solutions are plotted graphically by selecting appropriate values of arbitrary parameters. All the calculations worked out in this study have been done with the aid of Mathematica and Maple softwares.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mathematics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan

    Saima Arshed, Ghazala Akram, Maasoomah Sadaf & Adeena Khan

Authors
  1. Saima Arshed
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  2. Ghazala Akram
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  3. Maasoomah Sadaf
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  4. Adeena Khan
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Contributions

SA participated in the conceptualization, data curation, investigation, methodology, software implementation, validation, visualization and writing the original draft. GA participated in the conceptualization, administration, validation, visualization and writing of the manuscript. MS participated in the formal analysis, investigation, supervision, review and editing of the manuscript. AK participated in the data curation, formal analysis, software and writing of the original draft. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Ghazala Akram.

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Arshed, S., Akram, G., Sadaf, M. et al. Solutions of (3+1)-dimensional extended quantum nonlinear Zakharov–Kuznetsov equation using the generalized Kudryashov method and the modified Khater method. Opt Quant Electron 55, 922 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-023-05137-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-023-05137-5

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