Abstract
Data security is essential for applications that require a significant level of data privacy. Online banking and government mailing are good examples of data with security requirements. This paper demonstrates an enhanced secure fiber-optic communication system based on chaos using Optisystem 7.0 software. A 10 Gb/s externally modulated signal is transmitted over 100 km of standard single-mode fiber. The modulated data is hidden by a chaotic optical signal generated by controlling the rate parameters of a semiconductor laser. The results showed that chaos degrades the overall system performance and limits the transmission distance to 70 km. A chirped fiber-Bragg grating and erbium-doped fiber amplifier are introduced to compensate signal dispersion and to increase the transmission distance to 104 km (80% enhancement). Also, the results revealed that maximum Q-factor of 4.2 and a minimum bit error rate of \({10}^{-8}\) are successfully recovered the data at the receiver.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data availability
The data generated during this study are only available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
References
Abass, A., Ali, M., Al Hussein, S.A.: Wideband flat-gain hybrid fiber amplifier utilizing combined serial-parallel configuration. Int. J. Nanoelectron. Mater. 11, 17–22 (2018)
Gao, X., Cheng, M.F., Deng, L., Zhang, M., Songnian, Fu., Liu, D.: Robust chaotic-shift-keying scheme based on electro-optical hybrid feedback system. Opt. Express 28, 10847–10858 (2020)
Gao, Z., Qiongqiong, Wu., Liao, L., Biao, Su., Gao, X., Songnian, Fu., Li, Z., Wang, Y., Qin, Y.: Experimental demonstration of synchronous privacy enhanced chaotic temporal phase en/decryption for high speed secure optical communication. Opt. Express 30, 31209–31219 (2022)
Jiang, N., Wang, C., Xue, C., Li, G., Lin, S., Qiu, K.: Generation of flat wideband chaos with suppressed time delay signature by using optical time lens. Opt. Express 25, 14359–14367 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.25.014359
Jiang, N., Zhao, A., Wang, Y., Liu, S., Tang, J., Qiu, K.: Security-enhanced chaotic communications with optical temporal encryption based on phase modulation and phase-to-intensity conversion. OSA Continuum 2, 3422–3437 (2019)
Jiang, N., Wang, Y., Zhao, A., Liu, S., Zhang, Y., Chen, L., Li, B., Qiu, K.: Simultaneous bandwidth-enhanced and time delay signature-suppressed chaos generation in semiconductor laser subject to feedback from parallel coupling ring resonators. Opt. Express (2020). https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.385889
Ke, J., Yi, L., Xia, G., Weisheng, Hu.: Chaotic optical communications over 100-km fiber transmission at 30-Gb/s bit rate. Opt. Lett. 43, 1323–1326 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.43.001323
Khudhair, A.A., Ali, M.H., Abass, A.K.: Wideband full double-pass serial hybrid fiber amplifier utilizing L-shape configuration. Appl. Opt. 60, 10680–10683 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.443435
Kumar, A., Kumar, S., Raghuwanshi, S.K.: Implementation of full-adder and full-subtractor based on electro-optic effect in Mach-Zehnder interferometers. Opt. Commun. (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2014.03.045
Nguimdo, R.M., Lavrov, R., Colet, P., Jacquot, M., Chembo, Y.K., Larger, L.: Effect of fiber dispersion on broadband chaos communications implemented by electro-optic nonlinear delay phase dynamics. J. Lightw. Technol. 28(18), 2688–2696 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2010.2060313
Qamar, F., Islam, M.K., Shah, S.Z.A., Farhan, R., Ali, M.: Secure duobinary signal transmission in optical communication networks for high performance & reliability. IEEE Access 5, 17795–17802 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2752002
Qamar, F., Islam, M.K., Farhan, R., Ali, M., Shah, A., Zafar, S.: Secure optical QAM transmission using chaos message masking. J. Opt. Commun. (2019). https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2018-0225
Qamar, F., Islam, M.K., Shahzadi, R., Ali, S.Z., Ali, M.: 128-QAM dual-polarization chaotic long-haul system performance evaluation. J. Opt. Commun. (2020). https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2020-0092
Shahzadi, R., Anwar, S.M., Qamar, F., Ali, M., Rodrigues, J.J.P.C., Alnowami, M.: Secure EEG signal transmission for remote health monitoring using optical chaos. IEEE Access 7, 57769–57778 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2912548
Tahhan, S.R., Abass, A.K., Ali, M.H.: Characteristics of chirped fiber Bragg grating dispersion compensator utilizing two apodization profiles. J. Commun. 13(3), 108–113 (2018). https://doi.org/10.12720/jcm.13.3.108-113
Wang, D.M., Wang, L.S., Guo, Y.Y., Wang, Y.C., Wang, A.B.: Key space enhancement of optical chaos secure communication: chirped FBG feedback semiconductor laser. Opt. Express (2019). https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.27.003065
Yang, Z., Yi, L., Ke, J., Zhuge, Q., Yang, Y., Hu, W.: Chaotic optical communication over 1000 km transmission by coherent detection. J. Lightw. Technol. 38(17), 4648–4655 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2020.2994155
Funding
No funding for this manuscript.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
AWA designed and performed the experiment simulations and data analysis. AKA proposed the study of the manuscript, and FFR gave a valuable revision and illustration of some concept. All authors wrote the article and suitable editing, and reading, and approved the final version.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
All authors declare that this manuscript is their own work, and no funding, grants, or any financial support related to this manuscript is received.
Ethical approval
The corresponding author declares that this manuscript is their own work, and has not been published before in any journal and/or conference, and it is never been considered for publication or submitted to any other journals.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Abdulwahhab, A.W., Abass, A.K., Saleh, M.A. et al. Enhancing performance of optical chaotic-based secure fiber-optic communication system. Opt Quant Electron 55, 468 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-023-04757-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-023-04757-1