Abstract
Reorieantational mechanisms of the azo and anthraquinone dyes doped Liquid Crystal (LC) cells were investigated via pump-probe measurement setup. The change in the probe laser beam intensity values was observed before and after the pump laser is operated. A model approach was proposed to explain the probe beam intensity change and to predict the behavior of the LC molecules under the influence of dye torque. The model approach showed that the significant contribution to the intensity change of the probe beam comes from the reorientation of the LC molecules in the plane perpendicular to the cell walls. With the same model approach, the initial alignment angles of the molecules were predicted before the pump laser is operated.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bloisi, F., Vicari, L., Simoni, F., Cipparrone, G., Umeton, C.: Self-phase modulation in nematic liquid-crystal films: detailed measurements and theoretical calculations. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 5, 2462–2466 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.5.002462
Eichler, H.J., Macdonald, R., Dettmann, C.: Nonlinear diffraction of CW-laserbeams by spatial selfphase-modulation in nematic liquid crystals. Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. Incorp. Nonlinear Opt. 174(1), 153–168 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1080/00268948908042701
Galstyan, T.V., Saad, B., Denariez-Roberge, M.M.: Excitation transfer from azo dye to nematic host during photoisomerization. J. Chem. Phys. 107(22), 9319–9325 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.475228
Goldstein, D.H. (ed.): Polarized Light. CRC Press, New York (2011)
Janossy, I.: Optical orientation in dye-doped liquid crystals. J. Nonlinear Opt. Phys. Mater. 8(3), 361–377 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1142/S0218863599000254
Jánossy, I., Lloyd, A.D.: Low-power optical reorientation in dyed nematics. Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 203(1), 77–84 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1080/00268949108046047
Janossy, I., Csillag, L., Lloyd, A.D.: Temperature dependence of the optical Freedericksz transition in dyed nematic liquid crystals. Phys. Rev. A 44(12), 8410–8413 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.44.8410
Li, S.-S., Shen, Y., Chang, W.-S., Li, Z.-N., Xu, Y.-C., Fan, X.-Y., Chen, L.-J.: Dynamic cholesteric liquid crystal superstructures photoaligned by one-step polarization holography. App. Phys. Lett. 111, 231109 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5009196
Lin, F.-C., Kuo, H.-Y., Huang, S.-Y., Wu, T.-H., Lin, J.-D., Lee, C.-R.: Optically induced birefringence in dye-doped blue phase liquid crystals. Liq. Cryst. 46(6), 913–919 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1080/02678292.2018.1538465
Lucchetti, L., Gentili, M., Simoni, F., Pavliuchenko, S., Subota, S., Reshetnyak, V.: Surface-induced nonlinearities of liquid crystals driven by an electric field. Phys. Rev. E 78, 061706 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.78.061706
Mantashyan, P., Drampyan, R., Beeckman, R., Willekens, O., Neyts, K.: Optical induction of bessel-like lattices in methyl-red doped liquid crysyals. Opt. Commun. 338, 467–472 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2014.11.011
Moghadas, F., Khoshsima, H., Olyaeefar, B.: High diffraction efficiency in permanent optical memories based on methyl red doped liquid crystal. Opt. Quant. Electron. 47, 225–233 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-014-9906-2
Önsal, G., Kocakülah, G., Kahyaoğlu, A., Köysal, O.: Influence of azo dye concentration on dielectric response in polymer dispersed liquid crystal composites. J. Mol. Liq. 284, 607–615 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2019.04.030
Pan, Y., Lyu, Z., Wang, C.: All-optical switching in azo dye doped liquid crystals based on spatial cross-phase modulation. OSA Continuum 4(11/15), 2714–2720 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1364/OSAC.434765
Shih, Y., Lin, X., Silalahi, H.M., Lee, C.-R., Huang, C.-Y.: Optically tunable terahertz metasurfaces using liquid crystal cells coated with photoalignment layers. Crystals 11(9), 1100–1108 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11091100
Shih, Y.-H., Silalahi, H.M., Tsai, T.-I., Chen, Y.C., Su, J.-Y., Lee, C.-R., Huang, C.-Y.: Optically tunable and thermally erasable terahertz intensity modulators using dye-doped liquid crystal cells with metasurfaces. Crystals 11(12), 1580–1590 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11121580
Simoni, F., Lucchetti, L.: Colossal nonlinear optical response of liquid crystals. J. Mol. Liq. 267, 67–72 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2017.12.121
Sung, J., Joo, M., Rhee, B.K., Kim, D.: Self-phase modulation in a dye-doped liquid-crystal. Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. Sci. Technol. Sect. A 370, 103–106 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1080/10587250108030047
Trushkevych, O., Collings, N., Crossland, W.A., Wilkinson, T.D., Milne, W.I.: Dynamics in dye-doped lc systems in presence of trans-cis isomerism. Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 478(1), 221–232 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1142/S0218863599000254
Wang, Y.-J., Carlisle, G.O.: Optical properties of dr1 doped liquid crystals. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 13(3), 173–178 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1014337518120
Ying, A., Fuha, G., Chu, C.-W., Lin, H.-C., Jau, H.-C., Li, M.-S.: Self-phase modulation in azo-dye-doped liquid crystal films. Liquid Crystals XIV 7775, 777505–1 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1117/12.859242
Zhang, H., Shiino, S., Tsutsumi, K.A., Shiono, O., Ikeda, T.: Photoinduced reorientation and thermal effects in an oligothiophene-doped liquid crystal system. J. Appl. Phys. 91, 5558–5563 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1462854
Funding
None.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
ÖP: supervision, methodology, writing-reviewing and editing MCD: experiment, software,data curation, writing-reviewing
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Competing intrests
The authors declare that we have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. All authors made an equal contribution to this work.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Polat, Ö., Demir, M.C. Investigation of the reorientation of the liquid crystal molecules under the influence of the dye torque. Opt Quant Electron 55, 373 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-023-04636-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-023-04636-9