Abstract
A field-induced modulation efficiency enhancement method was developed in this paper. Based on the proposed modulation contrast model, when DC electric field increases, the increased DC field intensity generates a gradually declining positively contribution due to the quadratic electro-optic effect. Simultaneously, the increased polar-nano regions concentration generates a gradually increasing negatively contribution due to the light wave depolarization. Therefore, the modulation contrast can be enhanced by properly increasing the electric field to accumulate the maximum contribution. In the experimental research, the DC bias electric field is increased from 15.9 kV/m set by traditional method to 106.3 kV/m, the modulation efficiency can be increased by 2.8-fold. The modulation efficiency enhancement method of potassium tantalate niobate (KTN) electro-optic modulator could play an important significance to the commercial application in laser 3D imaging.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Chang, Y., Wang, C., Yin, S., Hoffman, R., Mott, A.: Kovacs effect enhanced broadband large field of view electro-optic modulators in nanodisordered KTN crystals. Opt. Express 21(15), 17760–17768 (2013a)
Chang, Y., Wang, C., Yin, S., Hoffman, R., Mott, A.: Giant electro-optic effect in nanodisordered KTN crystals. Opt. Lett. 38(22), 4574–4577 (2013b)
Chen, F., Geusic, J., Kurtz, S., Skinner, J., Wemple, S.: Light modulation and beam deflection with potassium tantalate-niobate crystals. J. Appl. Phys. 37(1), 388–398 (1966)
Chen, Z., Liu, B., Liu, E., Peng, Z.: Electro-optic modulation methods in range-gated active imaging. Appl. Opt. 55(3), A184–A190 (2016)
DelRe, E., Spinozzi, E., Agranat, A., Conti, C.: Scale-free optics and diffractionless waves in nanodisordered ferroelectrics. Nat. Photonics 5(1), 39–42 (2011)
Gumennik, A., Kurzweil-Segev, Y., Agranat, A.: Electrooptical effects in glass forming liquids of dipolar nano-clusters embedded in a paraelectric environment. Opt. Mater. Express 1(3), 332–343 (2011)
Hoffman, R., Yin, S.: High-speed wide field-of-view electro-optic system and method. U.S. Patent 9,817,253 (2017)
Imai, T., Sasaura, M., Nakamura, K., Fujiura, K.: Crystal growth and electro-optic properties of KTa1-xNbxO3. NTT Tech. Rev. 5(9), 1–8 (2007)
Jo, S., Kong, H.J., Bang, H., Kim, J.W., Kim, J., Choi, S.: High resolution three-dimensional flash LIDAR system using a polarization modulating Pockels cell and a micro-polarizer CCD camera. Opt. Express 24, A1580–A1585 (2016)
Parravicini, J., Conti, C., Agranat, A., DelRe, E.: Rejuvenation in scale-free optics and enhanced diffraction cancellation life-time. Opt. Express 20(24), 27382–27387 (2012a)
Parravicini, J., Conti, C., Agranat, A., DelRe, E.: Programming scale-free optics in disordered ferroelectrics. Opt. Lett. 37(12), 2355–2357 (2012b)
Shinagawa, M., Kobayashi, J., Yagi, S., Sakai, Y.: Sensitive electro-optic sensor using KTa1−xNbxO3 crystal. Sensor. Actuat. A-Phys. 192, 42–48 (2013)
Song, Y., Zhao, J., Wang, B., Wang, X., Liu, B., Lv, X., Zhang, J.: Potassium tantalate niobate (KTN) crystal-based polarization-modulated 3D ladar with a large field of view. Opt. Lett. 45(19), 5319–5322 (2020)
Sun, M., Zhang, J.: Single-pixel imaging and its application in three-dimensional reconstruction: a brief review. Sensors. 19(3), 1–14 (2019)
Sun, M., Edgar, M., Gibson, G., Sun, B., Badwell, N., Lamb, R., Padgett, M.: Single-pixel three-dimensional imaging with time-based depth resolution. Nat. Commun. 7(1), 1–6 (2016)
Tan, P., Tian, H., Mao, C., Hu, C., Meng, X., Li, L., Shi, G., Zhou, Z.: Field-driven electro-optic dynamics of polar nanoregions in nanodisordered KTa1−xNbxO3 crystal. Appl. Phys. Lett. 111(1), 1–14 (2017)
Wang, X., Wang, J., Liu, B.: Growth and properties of cubic potassium tantalate niobate crystals. Adv. Mater. Res. 306, 352–357 (2011)
Zhang, X., Ye, Q., Cai, H., Qu, R.: Polarization-independent electro-optic modulator based on PMNT electrically-controlled birefringence effect and Sagnac interferometer. Opt. Laser Technol. 57, 5–8 (2014)
Zhang, X., Ye, Q., Qu, R., Cai, H.: High-power electro-optic switch technology based on novel transparent ceramic. Chin. Phys. B 25(3), 1–14 (2016)
Zhang, P., Du, X., Zhao, J., Song, Y., Chen, H.: High resolution flash three-dimensional LIDAR systems based on polarization modulation. Appl. Opt. 56(13), 3889–3894 (2017)
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants Nos. 61805284 and 62005320) and SpectroLive Project form CNRS foundation. The authors are indebted for the two anonymous reviewers for their professional and helpful comments and suggestions.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lv, X., Zhao, J., Duan, Y. et al. A modulation efficiency enhancement method of KTN electro-optic modulator in laser 3D imaging. Opt Quant Electron 54, 59 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-021-03436-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-021-03436-3