Abstract
We present a new method for generating a 4 to 25 ms high power acoustic harmonic bursts, reaching more than 110 dB Sound Pressure Level (SPL), from the spherical Helmholtz resonators. The method uses Q-switched Nd:YAG laser pulses (wavelength = 1064 nm, pulse width = 6 ns, and energy = 450 mJ) to induce plasma shocks inside an AISI 316L stainless steel cavity. The confined plasma shock produces an acoustic burst of temporal standing waves which are characterized by a wide harmonic bandwidth. The frequency response of the system depends on the geometry of the used Helmholtz resonator as well as the laser wavelength (with constant laser pulse duration and fluence). The experiments reveal the dependence of the odd/even harmonic on laser wavelength. This method is a prospective alternative for the dodecahedron loudspeakers, other sources in ISO and standard audio tests.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Arnela, M., Guasch, O., Sánchez-Martín, P., Camps, J., Alsina-Pagès, R.M., Martínez-Suquía, C.: Construction of an omnidirectional parametric loudspeaker consisting in a spherical distribution of ultrasound transducers. Sensors 18(12), 4317 (2018)
Ayoub, H.S., El-Sherif, A.F., Maize, S.M.A., Elbashar, Y.H.: Design and implementation of photoacoustic based beam dump-average optical power meter for fast and ultrafast lasers. Opt. Lasers Eng. 140, 106548 (2021)
Cabalin, L.M., Laserna, J.J.: Experimental determination of laser induced breakdown thresholds of metals under nanosecond Q-switched laser operation. Spectrochim. Acta Part B 53(5), 723–730 (1998)
Fahy, F.J.: Foundations of Engineering Acoustics. Elsevier (2000)
Gómez Bolaños, J., Pulkki, V., Karppinen, P., Hæggström, E.: An optoacoustic point source for acoustic scale model measurements. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 133, 221–227 (2013)
Gómez Bolaños, J., Delikaris-Manias, S., Pulkki, V., Eskelinen, J., Hæggström, E.: Laser-induced acoustic point source for accurate impulse response measurements within the audible bandwidth. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 135, 298–303 (2014)
Gómez-Bolaños, J., Delikaris-Manias, S., Pulkki, V., Eskelinen, J., Hæggström, E., Jeong, C.-H.: Benefits and applications of laser-induced sparks in real scale model measurements. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 138, 175–180 (2015)
Gornushkin, I.B., Shabanov, S.V., Merk, S., Tognoni, E., Panne, U.: Effects of non-uniformity of laser induced plasma on plasma temperature and concentrations determined by the Boltzmann plot method: implications from plasma modeling. J. Anal. Atom. Spectrom. 25(10), 1643–1653 (2010)
Greene, C.A., Argo, I.V., Theodore, F., Wilson, P.S.: A Helmholtz resonator experiment for the Listen Up project. Proc. Meet. Acoust. ASA (2009). https://doi.org/10.1121/1.3112687
Hosoya, N., Nagata, M., Kajiwara, I.: Acoustic testing in a very small space based on a point sound source generated by laser-induced breakdown: Stabilization of plasma formation. J. Sound Vib. 332(19), 4572–4583 (2013)
Hussain, T., Gondal, M.A., Shamraiz, M.: Determination of plasma temperature and electron density of iron in iron slag samples using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy. IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng. 146(1), 012017 (2016)
Kim, C.S.: Thermophysical properties of stainless steels. No. ANL-75-55. Argonne National Lab., Ill. (USA), (1975)
Kramida, A., Olsen, K., and Ralchenko, Y.: Nist libs database. National Institute of Standards and Technology, US Department of Commerce (2019)
Kuttruff, H.: Room Acoustics. CRC Press (2016)
Mościcki, T., Hoffman, J., Szymański, Z.: Modelling of plasma formation during nanosecond laser ablation. Arch. Mech. 63(2), 99–116 (2011)
Oksanen, M., Hietanen, J.: Photoacoustic breakdown sound source in air. Ultrasonics 32, 327–331 (1994)
Papadakis, N.M., Stavroulakis, G.E.: Review of acoustic sources alternatives to a dodecahedron speaker. Appl. Sci. 9(18), 3705 (2019)
Pichler, P., Simonds, B.J., Sowards, J.W., Pottlacher, G.: Measurements of thermophysical properties of solid and liquid NIST SRM 316L stainless steel. J. Mater. Sci. 55(9), 4081–4093 (2020)
Qin, Q., Attenborough, K.: Characteristics and application of laser-generated acoustic shock waves in air. Appl. Acoust. 65, 325–340 (2004)
Quested, C., Moorhouse, A., Piper, B., Bin, Hu.: An analytical model for a dodecahedron loudspeaker applied to the design of omni-directional loudspeaker arrays. Appl. Acoust. 85, 161–171 (2014)
Raichel, D.R.: The science and applications of acoustics. Springer Science & Business Media (2006)
Redmond, R. F., and Lones, J.: Enthalpies and heat capacities of stainless steel (316), zirconium, and lithium at elevated temperatures. No. ORNL-1342. Oak Ridge National Lab. (1952)
Rossing, T. (ed.): Springer Handbook of Acoustics. Springer Science & Business Media (2007)
Sound Power Measurements, Hewlett Packard Application Note, p. 1230 (1992)
Stafe, M., Negutu, C., Puscas, N.N., Popescu, I.M.: Pulsed laser ablation of solids. Rom. Rep. Phys. 62(4), 758–770 (2010)
Stainless Steels Grade Datasheets, Atlas Steels Technical Department. (2013) www.atlassteels.com.au.
Wolfe, J.: Helmholtz Resonance. School of Physics at UNSW, Sydney, Australia (2000)
Zhang, J.-J., Zhao, L., Rosenkranz, A., Song, C.-W., Yan, Y.-D., Sun, T.: Nanosecond pulsed laser ablation on stainless steel−combining finite element modeling and experimental work. Adv. Eng. Mater. 21(8), 1900193 (2019)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ayoub, H.S., El-Sherif, A.F., Ibrahim, D. et al. Generation of custom acoustic harmonic bursts from spherical helmholtz resonators using Q-switched Nd:YAG laser induced plasma. Opt Quant Electron 53, 525 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-021-03187-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-021-03187-1