Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Low dispersion and confinement loss photonic crystal fiber for orbital angular momentum mode transmission

  • Published:
Optical and Quantum Electronics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this paper, we design a novel type of photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with a kind of typical micro-structure in its innermost cladding area, which can totally transmit 26 orbital angular momentum modes (OAMs). Over a bandwidth of 300 nm from 1.5 to 1.8 μm, this new type PCF shows a great improvement in dispersion property when it is compared with the total internal reflection PCF for reference. Moreover, other mode properties are also calculated and listed in curves, including effective indices, confinement loss and nonlinear coefficient. And basing on the test results, we further ameliorate the micro-structure and cladding of previous PCF structure and propose two effective ways to reduce the dispersion and confinement loss respectively. One is to insert typical type of micro-structure; the other is to change the arrangement and size of air holes in the cladding area. We finally propose an optimized structure which can support 30 OAM modes with the application of the two ways. Results show the optimized structure performs very well and achieves great progress in terms of dispersion and confinement loss.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bouk, A., Cucinotta, A., Poli, F., Selleri, S.: Dispersion properties of square lattice photonic crystal fibers. Opt. Express 12, 941–946 (2004)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Bozinovic, N., et al.: Terabit-scale orbital angular momentum mode division multiplexing in fibers. Science 340, 1545–1548 (2013)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, Y., et al.: A flat-lensed spiral phase plate based on phase-shifting surface for generation of millimeter-wave OAM beam. IEEE Lett. 15, 1156–1158 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  • Courtial, J., Padgett, M.J.: Performance of a cylindrical lens mode converter for producing Laguerre–Gaussian laser modes. Opt. Commun. 159, 13–18 (1999)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Fujisawa, T., Saitoh, K.: Off-axis core transmission characteristics of helically twisted photonic crystal fibers. Opt. Lett. 43, 4935–4938 (2018)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Goebel, B., et al.: Capacity limits of optical fiber networks. J. Lightwave Technol. 28, 662–701 (2010)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Gregg, P., et al.: Stable transmission of 12 OAM states in air-core fiber. In: CLEO:2013 (Optical Society of America, 2013) CTu2K.2 (2013)

  • Groeblacher, S., et al.: Experimental quantum cryptography with qutrits. New J. Phys. 8, 1–8 (2006)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Harwit, M.: Photon orbital angular momentum in astrophysics. Astrophys. J. 597, 1266–1270 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Jia, C., et al.: Theoretical analysis of a 750-nm bandwidth hollow-core ring photonic crystal fiber with a graded structure for transporting 38 orbital angular momentum modes. IEEE Access 6, 20291–20297 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jiao, X., Zhang, H., Li, H., Zhang, X., Xi, L., Zhang, Z.: Macro-bending losses of circular photonic crystal fiber supporting 14 OAM modes. In: Asia Communications and Photonics Conference (2018)

  • Kaneshima, K., Namihira, Y., Zou, N., Higa, H., Nagata, Y.: Numerical investigation of octagonal photonic crystal fibers with strong confinement field. In: International Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering, pp. 830–837 (2006)

  • Knight, J.C., et al.: Anomalous dispersion in photonic crystal fibers. IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 12, 807–809 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Li, S., Zhou, N., Wang, A., Wang, J., Du, J.: Experimental demonstration of turbulence compensation for an 8-fold 16-QAM-carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) multicasting link using adaptive optics. In: Optical Fiber Communication Conference (2016)

  • Li, H., et al.: Design tool for circular photonic crystal fibers supporting orbital angular momentum modes. Appl. Opt. 57, 2474–2481 (2018)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Padgett, M., Bowman, R.: Tweezers with a twist. Nat. Photonics 5, 343–348 (2011)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Razzak, S.M.A., Namihira, Y., Khan, M.A.G., Anower, M.S., Hai, N.H.: Transmission characteristics of circular ring PCF and octagonal PCF: a comparison. In: International Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering, pp. 266–269 (2006)

  • Soumya, B., Sudheer, S.K., Pillai, V.P.M.: Design and simulation of highly nonlinear and low loss square photonic crystal fiber. In: International Workshop on Fiber Optics in Access Network, pp. 49–53 (2013)

  • Tian, W., et al.: A circular photonic crystal fiber supporting 26 OAM modes. Opt. Fiber Technol. 30, 184–189 (2016)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Tu, J., et al.: Ring-core fiber with negative curvature structure supporting orbital angular momentum modes. Opt. Express 27, 20358–20372 (2019)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Turunen, J., Vasara, A., Friberg, A.T.: Holographic generation of diffraction-free beams. Appl. Opt. 27, 3959–3962 (1988)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Wadsworth, W.J., Witkowska, A., Leon-Saval, S.G., Birks, T.A.: Hole inflation and tapering of stock photonic crystal fibres. Opt. Express 13, 6541–6549 (2005)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Wan, X., Zhang, Z., Guo, Y., Wan, H.: Low dispersion photonic crystal fiber for OAM mode. In: Asia Communications and Photonics Conference (2018)

  • Wang, J., et al.: Terabit free-space data transmission employing orbital angular momentum multiplexing. Nat. Photonics 6, 488–496 (2012)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Wong, G.K.L., et al.: Excitation of orbital angular momentum resonances in helically twisted photonic crystal fiber. Sci. Rep. 337, 446–449 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  • Yan, Y., et al.: High-capacity millimeter-wave communications with orbital angular momentum multiplexing. Nat. Commun. 5, 4876–4884 (2014)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Yue, Y., et al.: Octave-spanning supercontinuum generation of vortices in a As2S3 ring photonic crystal fiber. Opt. Lett. 37, 1889–1891 (2012a)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Yue, Y., et al.: Mode properties and propagation effects of optical orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes in a ring fiber. IEEE Photonics 4, 535–543 (2012b)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, H., et al.: Design of a circular photonic crystal fiber supporting OAM modes. In: Asia Communications and Photonics Conference ASu2A-54 (2015)

  • Zhang, X., Zhang, H., Li, H.: The OAM transmission fiber based on circular photonic crystal fiber structure. In: International Conference on Optical Communications and Networks (2017)

  • Zhang, C., Zhou, X., Chen, Z.: Low loss fusion splicing for seven-core photonic crystal fiber by selected air hole collapse technique. Chin. J. Lasers 10, 154–158 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, Z., et al.: Optical fiber design with orbital angular momentum light purity higher than 99%. Opt. Lett. 23, 29331–29341 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, H., et al.: A new type circular photonic crystal fiber for orbital angular momentum mode transmission. IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 28, 1426–1429 (2016)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, H., et al.: A design strategy of the circular photonic crystal fiber supporting good quality orbital angular momentum mode transmission. Opt. Commun. 397, 59–66 (2017)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhu, M., Zang, W., Xi, L., Tang, X., Zhang, X.: A new designed dual-guided ring-core fiber for OAM mode transmission. Opt. Fiber Technol. 25, 58–63 (2015)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

This work was supported in part Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province under Grants BK20161521 and BK20180742; Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPTSF) under Grants NY214002, and NY215002; Distinguished Professor Project of Jiangsu under Grant RK002STP14001; Six Talent Peaks Project in Jiangsu Province under Grant 2015-XCL-023.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Advanced Photonic Technology Laboratory, College of Electronic and Optical Engineering and Microelectronics College, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China

    Xin Wan, Zhiqiang Wang, Bin Sun & Zuxing Zhang

Authors
  1. Xin Wan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Zhiqiang Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Bin Sun
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Zuxing Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Zuxing Zhang.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Wan, X., Wang, Z., Sun, B. et al. Low dispersion and confinement loss photonic crystal fiber for orbital angular momentum mode transmission. Opt Quant Electron 52, 289 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-020-02414-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-020-02414-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation