Skip to main content
Log in

Evaluation of optical parameters and characterization of few layer sputtered MoS2 film by spectroscopic ellipsometry

  • Published:
Optical and Quantum Electronics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The study involves spectroscopic ellipsometry analysis of sputter deposited few layer MoS2 grown on three different substrates (ITO coated glass, n-silicon and p-silicon) for diverse deposition time. We have investigated optical parameters such as refractive index, extinction coefficient and dielectric constant of MoS2 layers in the visible region of electromagnetic spectrum. For such purpose of investigation we have involved Cauchy dispersion model (for the film deposited on n-silicon and p-silicon) and hybrid of Lorentz and Drude model (for the film deposited on ITO coated glass). Furthermore, comparative analysis at the diverse growth time of 5, 10, 15 and 20 min has been performed on the basis of optical parameters and surface morphology.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bashara, N.M., Azzam, R.M.: Ellipsometry and Polarized Light. Elsevier, Amsterdam (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  • Benavente, E., Santa Ana, M.A., Mendizábal, F., González, G.: Intercalation chemistry of molybdenum disulphide. Coord. Chem. Rev. 224(1–2), 87–109 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bessler, R., Duerig, U., Koren, E.: The dielectric constant of a bilayer graphene interface. Nanoscale Adv. 1(5), 1702–1706 (2019)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Buck, V.: Preparation and properties of different types of sputtered MoS2 films. Wear 114(3), 263–274 (1987)

    Google Scholar 

  • D’Elia, S., Scaramuzza, N., Ciuchi, F., Versace, C., Strangi, G., Bartolino, R.: Ellipsometry investigation of the effects of annealing temperature on the optical properties of indium tin oxide thin films studied by Drude–Lorentz model. Appl. Surf. Sci. 255(16), 7203–7211 (2009)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Ding, T.N., Garmire, E.: Measuring refractive index and thickness of thin films: a new technique. Appl. Opt. 22(20), 3177–3181 (1983)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Fujiwara, H.: Spectroscopic Ellipsometry: Principles and Applications. Wiley, New York (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  • Funke, S., Miller, B., Parzinger, E., Thiesen, P., Holleitner, A.W., Wurstbauer, U.: Imaging spectroscopic ellipsometry of MoS2. J. Phys. Condens. Matter 28(38), 385301 (2016)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Ganatra, R., Zhang, Q.: Few-layer MoS2: a promising layered semiconductor. ACS Nano 8(5), 4074–4099 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  • Gołasa, K., Grzeszczyk, M., Korona, K.P., Bożek, R., Binder, J., Szczytko, J., Babiński, A.: Optical properties of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2). Acta Phys. Pol. A 124(5), 849–851 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  • Huang, J.H., Chen, H.H., Liu, P.S., Lu, L.S., Wu, C.T., Chou, C.T., Hou, T.H.: Large-area few-layer MoS2 deposited by sputtering. Mater. Res. Express 3(6), 065007 (2016)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Hussain, S., Singh, J., Vikraman, D., Singh, A.K., Iqbal, M.Z., Khan, M.F., Eom, J.: Large-area, continuous and high electrical performances of bilayer to few layers MoS2 fabricated by RF sputtering via post-deposition annealing method. Sci. Rep. 6, 30791 (2016)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaindl, R., Bayer, B.C., Resel, R., Müller, T., Skakalova, V., Habler, G., Fischer, F.: Growth, structure and stability of sputter-deposited MoS2 thin films. Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 8, 1115–1126 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kim, H.S., Kumar, M.D., Kim, J., Lim, D.: Vertical growth of MoS2 layers by sputtering method for efficient photoelectric application. Sens. Actuators A 69, 355–362 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kwon, K.C., Choi, S., Hong, K., Moon, C.W., Shim, Y.S., Kim, D.H., Nam, K.T.: Wafer-scale transferable molybdenum disulfide thin-film catalysts for photo electrochemical hydrogen production. Energy Environ. Sci. 9(7), 2240–2248 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  • Laturia, A., Van de Put, M.L., Vandenberghe, W.G.: Dielectric properties of hexagonal boron nitride and transition metal dichalcogenides: from monolayer to bulk. npj 2D Mater. Appl. 2(1), 6 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  • Le Mogne, T., Donnet, C., Martin, J.M., Tonck, A., Millard-Pinard, N., Fayeulle, S., Moncoffre, N.: Nature of super-lubricating MoS2 physical vapor deposition coatings. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A Vac. Surf. Films 12(4), 1998–2004 (1994)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Li, Y., Wang, H., Xie, L., Liang, Y., Hong, G., Dai, H.: MoS2 nanoparticles grown on graphene: an advanced catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 133(19), 7296–7299 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  • Li, H., Wu, J., Yin, Z., Zhang, H.: Preparation and applications of mechanically exfoliated single-layer and multilayer MoS2 and WSe2 nanosheets. Acc. Chem. Res. 47(4), 1067–1075 (2014a)

    Google Scholar 

  • Li, W., Birdwell, A.G., Amani, M., Burke, R.A., Ling, X., Lee, Y.H., Gundlach, D.J.: Broadband optical properties of large-area monolayer CVD molybdenum disulphide. Phys. Rev. B 90(19), 195434 (2014b)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Li, H., Wu, H., Yuan, S., Qian, H.: Synthesis and characterization of vertically standing MoS2 nanosheets. Sci. Rep. 6, 21171 (2016a)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Li, Y.X., Guo, Z., Su, Y., Jin, X.B., Tang, X.H., Huang, J.R., Liu, J.H.: Hierarchical morphology-dependent gas-sensing performances of three-dimensional SnO2 nanostructures. ACS Sens. 2(1), 102–110 (2016b)

    Google Scholar 

  • Li, D., Song, X., Xu, J., Wang, Z., Zhang, R., Zhou, P., Zhang, D.W.: Optical properties of thickness-controlled MoS2 thin films studied by spectroscopic ellipsometry. Appl. Surf. Sci. 421, 884–890 (2017)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Long, H., Tao, L., Tang, C.Y., Tam, H.Y., Wen, Q., Tsang, Y.H.: Effect of laser illumination on the morphology and optical property of few-layer MoS2 nanosheet in NMP and PMMA. J. Mater. Chem. C 4(4), 678–683 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ma, X., Shi, M.: Thermal evaporation deposition of few-layer MoS2 films. Nano-Micro Lett. 5(2), 135–139 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  • McCrackin, F.L., Passaglia, E., Stromberg, R.R., Steinberg, H.L.: Measurement of the thickness and refractive index of very thin films and the optical properties of surfaces by ellipsometry. J. Res. Nat. Bur. Sec. A 67, 363–377 (1963)

    Google Scholar 

  • Mukherjee, B., Tseng, F., Gunlycke, D., Amara, K.K., Eda, G., Simsek, E.: Complex electrical permittivity of the monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) in near UV and visible. Opt. Mater. Express 5(2), 447–455 (2015)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Muratore, C., Hu, J.J., Wang, B., Haque, M.A., Bultman, J.E., Jespersen, M.L., Voevodin, A.A.: Continuous ultra-thin MoS2 films grown by low-temperature physical vapor deposition. Appl. Phys. Lett. 104(26), 261604 (2014)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Petrik, P., Vazsonyi, E., Fried, M., Volk, J., Andrews, G.T., Toth, A.L., Gyulai, J.: Optical models for the ellipsometric characterisation of porous silicon structures. Phys. Status Solidi (c) 2(9), 3319–3323 (2005)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Ramos, M., Nogan, J., Ortíz-Díaz, M., Enriquez-Carrejo, J.L., Rodriguez-González, C.A., Mireles-Jr-Garcia, J., Hurtado-Macias, A.: Mechanical properties of RF-sputtering MoS2 thin films. Surf. Topogr. Metrol. Prop. 5(2), 025003 (2017)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Ray, S.J.: First-principles study of MoS2, phosphorene and graphene based single electron transistor for gas sensing applications. Sens. Actuators B Chem. 222, 492–498 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  • Saito, R., Tatsumi, Y., Huang, S., Ling, X., Dresselhaus, M.S.: Raman spectroscopy of transition metal dichalcogenide. J. Phys. Condens. Matter 28(35), 353002 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  • Samartsev, A.S., Phyo, K.Z.: Formation and investigation of thin MoS2 films for electronics. J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 857(1), 012036 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  • Siegel, G., VenkataSubbaiah, Y.P., Prestgard, M.C., Tiwari, A.: Growth of centimeter-scale atomically thin MoS2 films by pulsed laser deposition. APL Mater. 3(5), 056103 (2015)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Singh, R., Tripathi, S.: Structural and optical properties of few-layer MoS2 thin films grown on various substrates using RF sputtering process. J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 30(8), 7665–7680 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  • Song, I., Park, C., Choi, H.C.: Synthesis and properties of molybdenum disulphide: from bulk to atomic layers. RSC Adv. 5(10), 7495–7514 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  • Stacy, A.M., Hodul, D.T.: Raman spectra of IVB and VIB transition metal disulfides using laser energies near the absorption edges. J. Phys. Chem. Solids 46, 405–409 (1985)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Tongay, S., Suh, J., Ataca, C., Fan, W., Luce, A., Kang, J.S., Ogletree, F.: Defects activated photoluminescence in two-dimensional semiconductors interplay between bound, charged, and free excitons. Sci. Rep. 3, 2657 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  • Vyas, S., Dwivedi, A.D.D., Dwivedi, R.D.: Effect of gate dielectric on the performance of ZnO based thin film transistor. Superlattices Microstruct. 120, 223–234 (2018)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, Q.H., Kalantar-Zadeh, K., Kis, A., Coleman, J.N., Strano, M.S.: Electronics and optoelectronics of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides. Nat. Nanotechnol. 7(11), 699–712 (2012)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Woollam, J.A., Johs, B.D., Herzinger, C.M., Hilfiker, J.N., Synowicki, R.A., Bungay, C.L.: Overview of variable-angle spectroscopic ellipsometry (VASE): I. Basic theory and typical applications. In: Al-Jumaily G.A. (ed.) Optical Metrology: A Critical Review, vol. 10294, p. 1029402. International Society for Optics and Photonics (1999)

  • Yan, X., Zhu, L., Zhou, Y., Yiwen, E., Wang, L., Xu, X.: Dielectric property of MoS2 crystal in terahertz and visible regions. Appl. Opt. 54(22), 6732–6736 (2015)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Yang, L., Cui, X., Zhang, J., Wang, K., Shen, M., Zeng, S., Xiang, B.: Lattice strain effects on the optical properties of MoS2 nanosheets. Sci. Rep. 4, 5649 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  • Yim, C., O’Brien, M., McEvoy, N., Winters, S., Mirza, I., Lunney, J.G., Duesberg, G.S.: Investigation of the optical properties of MoS2 thin films using spectroscopic ellipsometry. Appl. Phys. Lett. 104(10), 103114 (2014)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Yu, Y., Yu, Y., Cai, Y., Li, W., Gurarslan, A., Peelaers, H., Cao, L.: Exciton-dominated dielectric function of atomically thin MoS2 films. Sci. Rep. 5, 16996 (2015)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to Material Science and Engineering Department, IIT Kanpur and Centre for Interdisciplinary Research (CIR), MNNIT Allahabad for providing characterization facilities.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Shweta Tripathi.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

Authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Singh, R., Tripathi, S. Evaluation of optical parameters and characterization of few layer sputtered MoS2 film by spectroscopic ellipsometry. Opt Quant Electron 51, 326 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-019-2041-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-019-2041-3

Keywords

Navigation