Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Topological plasmonic modes in graphene-coated nanowire arrays

  • Published:
Optical and Quantum Electronics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

We investigate the topological edge modes of surface plasmonic polaritons (SPPs) in a two-dimensional waveguide array composed of graphene-coated nanowires. The system experiences topological phase transition by tuning the inter-layer spacing between adjacent unit cells. The topological modes emerge at the edge of topological non-trivial nanowire arrays when the intra-layer spacing is larger than the inter-layer spacing. Thanks to the strong confinement of graphene SPPs, the modal wavelength of topological edge modes can be squeezed as small as 1/20 of incident wavelength. The study provides a promising approach to realizing robust light transport beyond diffraction limit.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bao, Q., Loh, K.P.: Graphene photonics, plasmonics, and broadband optoelectronic devices. ACS Nano 6(5), 3677–3694 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blanco-Redondo, A., Andrea, I., Collins, M.J., Harari, G., Lumer, Y., Rechtsman, M.C., Eggleton, B.J., Segev, M.: Topological optical waveguiding in silicon and the transition between topological and trivial defect states. Phys. Rev. Lett. 116(16), 163901 (2016)

  • Chen, J., Wang, K., Long, H., Han, X., Hu, H., Liu, W., Wang, B., Lu, P.: Tungsten disulfide–gold nanohole hybrid metasurfaces for nonlinear metalenses in the visible region. Nano Lett. 18(2), 1344–1350 (2018)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Cheng, Q., Pan, Y., Wang, Q., Li, T., Zhu, S.: Topologically protected interface mode in plasmonic waveguide arrays. Laser Photon. Rev. 9(4), 392–398 (2015)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Deng, H., Ye, F., Malomed, B.A., Chen, X., Panoiu, N.C.: Optically and electrically tunable Dirac points and Zitterbewegung in graphene-based photonic superlattices. Phys. Rev. B 91(20), 201402 (2015a)

  • Deng, H., Chen, X., Malomed, B.A., Panoiu, N.C., Ye, F.: Transverse Anderson localization of light near Dirac points of photonic nanostructures. Sci. Rep. 5, 15585 (2015b)

  • Deng, H., Chen, X., Malomed, B.A., Panoiu, N.C., Ye, F.: Tunability and robustness of Dirac points of photonic nanostructures. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 22, 5000509 (2016a)

  • Deng, H., Chen, X., Panoiu, N.C., Ye, F.: Topological surface plasmons in superlattices with changing sign of the average permittivity. Opt. Letters 41(18), 4281–4284 (2016b)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Deng, H., Chen, Y., Panoiu, N.C., Malomed, B.A., Ye, F.: Surface modes in plasmonic Bragg fibers with negative average permittivity. Opt. Express 26(3), 2559–2568 (2018)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Ge, L., Wang, L., Xiao, M., Wen, W., Chan, C.T., Han, D.: Topological edge modes in multilayer graphene systems. Opt. Express 23(17), 21585–21595 (2015)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Ge, L., Liu, L., Xiao, M., Du, G., Shi, L., Han, D., Chan, C.T., Zi, J.: Topological phase transition and interface states in hybrid plasmonic-photonic systems. J. Opt. 19(6), 1–5 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • He, Y., He, L., Lan, P., Wang, B., Li, L., Zhu, X., Cao, W., Lu, P.: Molecular rotation movie filmed with high-harmonic generation. arXiv:1902.05662 (2019)

  • Hong, Z., Rezvani, S.A., Zhang, Q., Lu, P.: Octave-spanning energy-scalable CEP-stabilized pulses from a dual-chirped noncollinear optical parametric amplifier. Opt. Quantum Electron. (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-017-1209-y

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hong, Z., Zhang, Q., Rezvani, S.: Tunable few-cycle pulses from a dual-chirped optical parametric amplifier pumped by broadband laser. Opt. Laser Technol. 98, 169–177 (2018)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Huang, H., Ke, S., Wang, B., Long, H., Wang, K., Lu, P.: Numerical study on plasmonic absorption enhancement by a rippled graphene sheet. J. Lightwave Technol. 35(2), 320–324 (2017)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Ke, S., Wang, B., Qin, C., Long, H., Wang, K., Lu, P.: Exceptional points and asymmetric mode switching in plasmonic waveguides. J. Lightwave Technol. 34(22), 5258–5262 (2016)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Ke, S., Wang, B., Long, H., Wang, K., Lu, P.: Topological mode switching in a graphene doublet with exceptional points. Opt. Quantum Electron. 49(224), 1–12 (2017a)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ke, S., Wang, B., Long, H., Wang, K., Lu, P.: Topological edge modes in non-Hermitian plasmonic waveguide arrays. Opt. Express 25(10), 11132–11143 (2017b)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Ke, S., Zhao, D., Liu, Q., Wu, S., Wang, B., Lu, P.: Optical imaginary directional couplers. J. Lightwave Technol. 36(12), 2510–2516 (2018a)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Ke, S., Liu, J., Liu, Q., Zhao, D., Liu, W.: Strong absorption near exceptional points in plasmonic waveguide arrays. Opt. Quantum Electron. 50, 318 (2018b)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ke, S., Zhao, D., Liu, Q., Liu, W.: Adiabatic transfer of surface plasmons in non-Hermitian graphene waveguides. Opt. Quantum Electron. 50, 393 (2018c)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ke, S., Zhao, D., Liu, J., Liu, Q., Liao, Q., Wang, B., Lu, P.: Topological bound modes in anti-PT-symmetric optical waveguide arrays. Opt. Express 27(10), 13858 (2019)

  • Kou, Y., Förstner, J.: Discrete plasmonic solitons in graphene-coated nanowire arrays. Opt. Express 24(5), 4714–4721 (2016)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Kou, Y., Ye, F., Chen, X.: Multiband vector plasmonic lattice solitons. Opt. Lett. 38(8), 1271–1273 (2013)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Li, M., Xie, H., Cao, W., Luo, S., Tan, J., Feng, Y., Du, B., Zhang, W., Li, Y., Zhang, Q., Lan, P., Zhou, Y., Lu, P.: Photoelectron holographic interferometry to probe the longitudinal momentum offset at the tunnel exit. arXiv:1904.09556 (2019a)

  • Li, L., Lan, P., Zhu, X., Huang, T., Zhang, Q., Lein, M., Lu, P.: Reciprocalspace-trajectory perspective on high harmonic generation in solids. arXiv:1809.08109  (2019b)

  • Li, T., Luo, L., Hupalo, M., Zhang, J., Tringides, M.C., Schmalian, J., Wang, J.: Femtosecond population inversion and stimulated emission of dense Dirac fermions in graphene. Phys. Rev. Lett. 108(16), 167401 (2012)

  • Lin, X., Li, R., Gao, F., Li, E., Zhang, X., Zhang, B., Chen, H.: Loss induced amplification of graphene plasmons. Opt. Lett. 41(4), 681–684 (2016a)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Lin, X., Rivera, N., López, J.J., Kaminer, I., Chen, H., Soljačić, M.: Tailoring the energy distribution and loss of 2D plasmons. New J. Phys. 18(10), 105007 (2016b)

  • Liu, F., Wakabayashi, K.: Novel topological phase with a zero Berry curvature. Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 076803 (2017)

  • Liu, W., Wang, B., Ke, S., Qin, C., Long, H., Wang, K., Lu, P.: Enhanced plasmonic nanofocusing of terahertz waves in tapered graphene multilayers. Opt. Express 24(13), 14765–14780 (2016)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu, W., Li, X., Song, Y., Zhang, C., Han, X., Long, H., Wang, B., Wang, K., Lu, P.: Cooperative enhancement of two-photon-absorption-induced photoluminescence from a 2D perovskite-microsphere hybrid dielectric structure. Adv. Funct. Mater. 28(26), 1707550 (2018a)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu, Q., Ke, S., Liu, W.: Mode conversion and absorption in an optical waveguide under cascaded complex modulations. Opt. Quantum Electron. 50, 356 (2018b)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu, Y., Tan, J., He, M., Xie, H., Qin, Y., Zhao, Y., Li, M., Zhou, Y., Lu, P.: Photoelectron holographic interferences from multiple returning in strong-field tunneling ionization. Opt. Quantum Electron. 51(5):145 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-019-1868-y

  • Lu, L., Joannopoulos, J.D., Soljačić, M.: Topological photonics. Nat. Photon. 8(11), 821–829 (2014)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Ni, G.X., Wang, L., Goldflam, M.D., Wagner, M., Fe, Z., McLeo, A.S., Liu, M.K., Keilman, F., Özyilmaz, B., Castro Neto, A.H., Hone, J., Fogler, M.M., Basov, D.N.: Ultrafast optical switching of infrared plasmon polaritons in high-mobility graphene. Nat. Photon. 10, 244–247 (2016)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Peng, L., Zhang, L., Yuan, J., Chen, C., Bao, Q., Qiu, C.W., Peng, Z., Zhang, K.: Gold nanoparticle mediated graphene plasmon for broadband enhanced infrared spectroscopy. Nanotechnology 28(26), 264001 (2017)

  • Pocock, S.R., Xiao, X., Huidobro, P.A., Giannini, V.: Topological plasmonic chain with retardation and radiative effects. ACS Photon. 5(6), 2271–2279 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Qin, C., Zhou, F., Peng, Y., Sounas, D., Zhu, X., Wang, B., Dong, J., Zhang, X., Alù, A., Lu, P.: Spectrum Control through Discrete Frequency Diffraction in the Presence of Photonic Gauge Potentials. Phys. Rev. Lett. 120(13), 133901 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.133901

  • Sun, C., Rong, K., Wang, Y., Li, H., Gong, Q., Chen, J.: Plasmonic ridge waveguides with deep-subwavelength outside-field confinements. Nanotechnology 27, 065501 (2016)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, R., Hao, Y., Wang, Z., Gong, H., Thong, J.T.L.: Large-diameter graphene nanotubes synthesized using Ni nanowire templates. Nano Lett. 10(12), 4844–4850 (2010)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, F., Qin, C.Z., Wang, B., Long, H., Wang, K., Lu, P.X.: Rabi oscillations of plasmonic supermodes in graphene multilayer arrays. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum 23(1), 4600105 (2017a)

  • Wang, Z., Wang, B., Long, H., Wang, K., Lu, P.: Surface plasmonic lattice solitons in semi-infinite graphene sheet arrays. J. Lightwave Technol. 35(14), 2960–2965 (2017b)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, S., Wang, B., Qin, C., Wang, K., Long, H.: Rabi oscillations of optical modes in a waveguide with dynamic modulation. Opt. Quant. Electron. (2017c). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-017-1220-3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, F., Ke, S., Qin, C., Wang, B., Long, H., Wang, K., Lu, P.: Topological interface modes in graphene multilayer arrays. Opt. Laser Technol. 103, 272–278 (2018)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Wu, Y., Yao, B., Zhang, A., Rao, Y., Wang, Z., Cheng, Y., Gong, Y., Zhang, W., Chen, Y., Chiang, K.S.: Graphene-coated microfiber Bragg grating for high-sensitivitygas sensing. Opt. Lett. 39(5), 1235–1237 (2014)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, L., Zhang, Z., Kang, C., Cheng, B., Chen, L., Yang, X., Wang, J., Li, W., Wang, B.: Tunable bulk polaritons of graphene-based hyperbolic metamaterials. Opt. Express 22(11), 14022–14030 (2014)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao, D., Wang, Z., Long, H., Wang, K., Wang, B., Lu, P.: Optical bistability in defective photonic multilayers doped by graphene. Opt. Quantum Electron. 49, 163 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao, D., Liu, W., Ke, S., Liu, Q.: Large lateral shift in complex dielectric multilayers with nearly parity–time symmetry. Opt. Quant. Electron. (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-018-1593-y

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao, D., Zhong, D., Hu, Y., Ke, S., Liu, W.: Imaginary modulation inducing giant spatial Goos–Hänchen shifts in one-dimensional defective photonic lattices. Opt. Quantum Electron. 51, 113 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work is supported by the 973 Program (No. 2014CB921301), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 11674117), Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (2015CFA040, 2016CFB515).

Author information

Author notes

  1. Peng Meng and Dong Zhao have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China

    Peng Meng, Dong Zhao & Dong Zhong

  2. School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China

    Weiwei Liu

Authors
  1. Peng Meng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Dong Zhao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Dong Zhong
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Weiwei Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Dong Zhong or Weiwei Liu.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Meng, P., Zhao, D., Zhong, D. et al. Topological plasmonic modes in graphene-coated nanowire arrays. Opt Quant Electron 51, 156 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-019-1867-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-019-1867-z

Keywords

Search

Navigation