Abstract
The experimental ultra-wideband radio tomographic imagings inside and behind dielectric barriers with resolution near the diffraction limit are described. The problem is solved by the method of radio wave tomosynthesis using the theory of spatial spectra of the received signals. The ultra-wideband pulse sensing of the air—building structure medium, developed in Tomsk State University, are described. It has been shown that for the case of sensing with ultra-wideband pulses of 0.2 ns duration, the resolution is about 2 cm. The paper also shows the possibility of accelerating scanning of the investigated space through the use of the MIMO (timed or switched) antenna array technology. As in the timed mode the distance between the receiving and transmitting antennas varies from time step to time step, the algorithm of processing the data obtained from the array is to be modified. The modification itself is a nonlinear stretching of the received UWB signal in time. The signal transformation allows preparation of data for the above algorithm to receive three-dimensional images of the tested space. The paper presents the results of the processed experimental data which confirm the efficiency of the proposed method for MIMO arrays. The resulting image resolution is about 2 cm.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Chang, Y.-F., Chern, C.-C.: Frequency-wave number migration of ultrasonic data. J. Nondestruct. Eval. 19(1), 1–10 (2000)
Chang, Y.-F., Wang, C.-Y.: A 3-D image detection method of a surface opening crack in concrete using ultrasonic transducer arrays. J. Nondestruct. Eval. 16(4), 193–203 (1997)
Charvat, G., Kempel, L., Rothwell, E., Coleman, C., Mokole, E.: A through-dielectric ultrawideband (UWB) switched-antenna-array radar imaging system. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 60(11), 5495–5500 (2012)
Dehmollaian, M., Sarabandi, K.: Refocusing through building walls using synthetic aperture radar. In: IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, AP-S, pp. 1465–1468 (2007). doi:10.1109/APS.2007.4395782
Dolganova, I.N., Zaytsev, K.I., Metelkina, A.A., Yakovlev, E.V., Karasik, V.E., Yurchenko, S.O.: Combined terahertz imaging system for enhanced imaging quality. Opt. Quant. Electron. 48, 325 (2016)
Dromigny, A., Zhu, Y.M.: Improving the dynamic range of real-time X-ray imaging systems via bayesian fusion. J. Nondestruct. Eval. 16(3), 147–160 (1997)
Elahi, M.A., Glavin, M., Jones, E., O’Halloran, M.: Artifact removal algorithms for microwave imaging of the breast. Prog. Electromagn. Res. 141, 185–200 (2013)
Hantscher, S., Reisenzahn, A., Diskus, C.G.: Through-wall imaging with a 3-D UWB SAR algorithm. IEEE Signal Process. Lett. 15, 269–272 (2008)
Heimbeck, M.S., Ng, W.R., Golish, D.R., Gehm, M.E., Everitt, H.O.: Terahertz digital holographic imaging of voids with invisibly opaque dielectrics. IEEE Trans. Terahertz Sci. Technol. 5(1), 110–116 (2015)
Jia, Y., Kong, L.J., Yang, X.B.: A novel approach to target localization through unknown walls for through the wall radar imaging. Prog. Electromagn. Res. 119, 107–132 (2011)
Minin, I.V. (ed.): Microwave and Millimeter Wave Technologies Modern UWB Antennas and Equipment. IN-TECH, Rijeka (2010)
Minin, I.V., Minin, O.V.: The system of microwave radiovision of three-dimensional objects in real time. In: Nguyen, C. (ed.) SPIE’s 45th Annual Meeting “Subsurface Sensing Technologies and Applications II”. Proceedings of SPIE, vol. 4129, 31 July–3 August 2000, pp. 616–619 (2000)
Minin, I.V., Minin, O.V.: Fundamentals of Security: Methods and Devices for the Detection of Hidden Objects and Terrorism Struggle. Novosibirsk State Technical University, Novosibirsk (2002a). (in Russian)
Minin, I.V., Minin, O.V.: Method was used in millimeter-wave imaging. Laser Focus World 38(11), 9 (2002b)
Minin, I.V., Minin, O.V.: Influence of the curvilinear surface of diffractive optical elements of mm-wave and THz wave to dispersion distortion correction of femtosecond pulses. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Ultra Wideband and Ultra Short Impulse Signals, pp. 259–261. 19–22 Sept 2004, Sevastopol, Ukraine (2004)
Minin, I.V., Minin, O.V.: THz quasioptics applications in security. In: Proceedings of SPIE 6212, Terahertz for Military and Security Applications IV, 621210, 19 May 2006. doi:10.1117/12.663727
Peabody Jr., J.E., Charvat, G.L., Goodwin, J., Tobias, M.: Through-wall imaging radar. LINCOLN Lab. J. 19(1), 62–72 (2012)
Pochanin, G., Masalov, S., Pochanina, I., Capineri, L., Falorni, P., Bechtel, T.: Modern trends in development and application of the UWB radar systems. In: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on UWB and Ultrashort Impulse Signals, 5–11 Sept., Odessa, Ukraine (2016)
Salin, B.M., Salin, M.B.: Methods for measuring bistatic characteristics of sound scattering by the ocean bottom and surface. Acoust. Phys. 62(5), 575–582 (2016)
Satarov, R.N., Kuz’menko, I.Y., Muksunov, T.R., Klokov, A.V., Balzovskii, E.V., Buyanov, Y.I., Shipilov, S.E., Yakubov, V.P.: Switched ultrawideband antenna array for radio tomography. Russ. Phys. J. 55(8), 884–889 (2013)
Shin, H.J., Narayanan, R.M., Rangaswamy, M.: Tomographic imaging with ultra-wideband noise radar using time-domain data. In: Proceedings of the SPIE 8714, Radar Sensor Technology XVII, 87140R, May 31 (2013)
Stolt, R.H.: Migration by Fourier transform. Geophysics 43(1), 23–48 (1978)
Sun, X., Lu, B.Y., Jin, T., Zhou, Z.M.: Wall clutter mitigation in through-the-wall MIMO radar application. J. Electromagn. Waves Appl. 26(17–18), 2256–2266 (2012)
Wang, H.N., Lu, B.Y., Song, Q.: Through-the-wall imaging and correction based on the estimation of wall parameters. In: Proceedings of 2011 IEEE CIE International Conference on Radar, RADAR 2011 2, pp. 1327–1330 (2011)
Willis, N.J., Griffiths, H.D. (eds.): Advances in Bistatic Radar, p. 486. SciTech Publishing, Raleigh (2007)
Yakubov, V.P., Shipilov, S.E., Satarov, R.N.: Ultra-wideband sensing behind dielectric barriers. Russ. Phys. J. 53(9), 887–894 (2011)
Yakubov, V.P., Shipilov, S.E., Sukhanov, D.Y., Klokov, A.V.: Radiovolnovaja tomografija: dostizhenija i perspektivy, p. 264. Izd-vo NTL, Tomsk (2014) (in Russian)
Zhang, W.J., Hoorfar, A.: Two-dimensional diffractional tomographic algorithm for through-the-well radar imaging. Progress Electromagn. Res. B 31, 205–218 (2011)
Zhang, W.J., Hoorfar, A., Li, L.: Through the wall target localization with time reversal method. Progress Electromagn. Res. 106, 75–89 (2010)
Zhang, W.J., Amin, M.G., Ahmad, F., Hoorfar, A., Smith, G.E.: Ultrawideband impulse radar through-the-wall imaging with compressive sensing. Int. J. Antennas. Propag. (2012). doi:10.1155/2012/251497
Acknowledgements
The work is done as part of the State Assignment No. 3.2068.2017/PCh of the Russian Ministry of Education and Science.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Shipilov, S.E., Satarov, R.N., Yakubov, V.P. et al. Ultra-wideband radio tomographic imaging with resolution near the diffraction limit. Opt Quant Electron 49, 339 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-017-1172-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-017-1172-7