Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Performance comparison of various modulation schemes over free space optical (FSO) link employing Gamma–Gamma fading model

  • Published:
Optical and Quantum Electronics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Free Space Optics (FSO) is an emerging line-of-sight technology intending to provide last-mile solution to the network problem where fiber technology is not feasible. The use of Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) technology for FSO is inspired due to the demand for broadband communication. This technique has brought a revolution because the system data capacity is enhanced by simply adding more number of channels and reducing the channel spacing without having the need of more than one FSO link. By reducing the channel spacing to an appropriate level, Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) based FSO systems are also be attained and are reported by various research works. FSO finds applications in vast areas like backhaul networks for cellular communication, disaster recovery, LAN–LAN connectivity, high-definition TV, MAN-extension, video transmission, medicine industry and surveillance. However, its usage is limited due to the serious challenges of link vulnerability to weather and atmospheric turbulence-induced fading. This paper is based on a WDM-FSO system. An 8-channel WDM based FSO system is proposed and performance is evaluated on widely accepted modulation schemes under weak, moderate and strong turbulence conditions. Gamma–Gamma fading model is employed for atmospheric turbulence modelling. The system is simulated on OptiSystem 14.0.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Al-Habash, M.A., Andrew, L.C.: Mathematical model for the irradiance probability density function of a laser beam propagating through turbulent media. Opt. Eng. 40(8), 1554–1562 (2001)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Andrews, L.C., Phillips, R.L.: Laser Beam Propagation Through Random Media, 2nd edn. SPIE Press, Bellingham WA (2005)

  • Becker, P.C., Olsson, N.A., Simpson, J.R.: Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers: Fundamentals and Technology. Academic Press, San Diego (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  • Dar, A.B., Jha, R.K.: Chromatic dispersion compensation techniques and characterization of fiber Bragg grating for dispersion compensation. Opt. Quant. Electron. 49(108), 1–35 (2017)

  • David, F.: Scintillation loss in free-space optic im/dd systems. In: LASE 2004, vol. 5338, San Jose, USA. (2004)

  • Fadhil, H.A., et al.: Optimization of free space optics parameters: an optimum solution for bad weather conditions. Optik Int J. Light Electron Opt. 124(19), 3969–3973 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gappmair, W., Flohberger, M.: Error performance of coded FSO links in turbulent atmosphere modeled by Gamma- Gamma distribution. IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun. 8(5), 2209–2213 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gnauck, A.H., Winzer, P.J.: Optical phase-shift-keyed transmission. J. Lightwave Technol. 23, 115–130 (2005)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta, A., et al.: A survey of free space optical communication network channel over optical fiber cable communication. Int. J. Comput. Appl. 105(10), 32–36 (2014)

  • Juarez, J.C., et al.: 40-Gbps modem architecture for free-space optical communications. In: MILCOM 2011 Military Communications Conference, pp. 578–582 (2011)

  • Khalighi, M.A., Uysal, M.: Survey on Free Space Optical Communication: a Communication Theory Perspective. IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor. 16(4), 2231–2258 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, I.I., et al.: Comparison of laser beam propagation at 785 nm and 1550 nm in fog and haze for optical wireless communications. Proc. SPIE 4214, 26–37 (2001)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Letzepis, N., Holland, I., Cowley, W.: The Gaussian free space optical MIMO channel with Q-ary pulse position modulation. IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun. 7(5), 1744–1753 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu, X.: Free-space optics optimization models for building sway and atmospheric interference using variable Wavelength. IEEE Trans. Commun. 57(2), 492–498 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Parry, G., Pusey, P.N.: BK distribution in atmospheric propagation of laser light. J. Opt. Soc. Am. 69(5), 796–798 (1979)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Phillips, R.L., Andrews, L.C.: Measured statistics of laser-light scattering in atmospheric turbulence. J. Opt. Soc. Am. 71(12), 1440–1445 (1981)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Popoola, W.O., Ghassemlooy, Z.: BBPSK subcarrier intensity modulated free-space optical communications in atmospheric turbulence. J. Lightwave Technol. 27(8), 967–973 (2009)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Thakur, R., et al.: Review on free space optics. Int. J. Comput. Technol. 8(1), 734–742 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  • Xie, G., et al.: Effects of atmosphere dominated phase fluctuation and intensity scintillation to DPSK system. In: IEEE International Conference on Communication (ICC), pp. 1–6 (2011)

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra Kakrayal, Reasi, Jammu & Kashmir, 182320, India

    Naazira Badar & Rakesh Kumar Jha

Authors
  1. Naazira Badar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Rakesh Kumar Jha
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rakesh Kumar Jha.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Badar, N., Jha, R.K. Performance comparison of various modulation schemes over free space optical (FSO) link employing Gamma–Gamma fading model. Opt Quant Electron 49, 192 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-017-1025-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-017-1025-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation