Abstract
The process of local structure modification inside of lithium silicate glass under the combined laser action of two different wavelengths is considered. The first step is laser irradiation of ultrashort laser pulses with 532 nm wavelength, which is used to create of nucleation centers inside of the optically transparent glass. The crystallization of the structural modification areas was carried out by a photothermal action of CO2 laser radiation with a 10.6 μm wavelength. The range of crystallization temperatures was defined and the kinetics of the phase transformations of the modified regions inside of the glass were studied. Duration of crystallization was about 10 min with a slow heating and 25 s at the fast heating to crystallization temperature.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Avansi, W., Mastelaro, V.R., Andreeta, M.R.B.: Surface modification and crystallization of the BaO–B2O3–SiO2 glassy system using CO2 laser irradiation. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 354(2–9), 279–283 (2008). doi:10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2007.06.089
Bukharin, M., Khudyakov, D., Vartapetov, S.: Heat accumulation regime of femtosecond laser writing in fused silica and Nd: phosphate glass. Appl. Phys. A 119(1), 397–403 (2015)
Evans, A., Rupp, J.L., Gauckler, L.J.: Crystallisation of Foturan® glass–ceramics. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 32(1), 203–210 (2012)
Feitosa, C.A.C., Mastelaro, V.R., Zanatta, A.R., Hernandes, A.C., Zanotto, E.D.: Crystallization, texture and second-harmonic generation in TiO2–BaO–B2O3 glasses. Opt. Mater. 28(8–9), 935–943 (2006). doi:10.1016/j.optmat.2005.05.003
Ferreira, N.M., Costa, F.M., Nogueira, R.N., Graça, M.P.F.: Lithium niobate bulk crystallization promoted by CO2 laser radiation. Appl. Surf. Sci. 258(23), 9457–9460 (2012). doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2011.08.050
Gräf, S., Staupendahl, G., Gerling, P., Müller, F.A.: Optical constants n and κ of various technical and optical glasses at λ = 10.59 μm. J. Appl. Phys. 113(1), 013101 (2013). doi:10.1063/1.4772619
He, F., Liao, Y., Lin, J., Song, J., Qiao, L., Cheng, Y., Sugioka, K.: Femtosecond laser fabrication of monolithically integrated microfluidic sensors in glass. Sensors 14(10), 19402–19440 (2014). doi:10.3390/s141019402
Helvajian, H., Fuqua, P.D., Hansen, W.W., Janson, S.: Laser microprocessing for nanosatellite microthruster applications. RIKEN Rev. 32, 57–63 (2001)
Hnatovsky, C., Taylor, R., Rajeev, P., Simova, E., Bhardwaj, V., Rayner, D., Corkum, P.: Pulse duration dependence of femtosecond-laser-fabricated nanogratings in fused silica. Appl. Phys. Lett. 87(1), 014104 (2005)
Höland, W., Apel, E., van ‘t Hoen, C., Rheinberger, V.: Studies of crystal phase formations in high-strength lithium disilicate glass–ceramics. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 352(38–39), 4041–4050 (2006). doi:10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2006.06.039
Iqbal, Y., Lee, W., Holland, D., James, P.: Metastable phase formation in the early stage crystallisation of lithium disilicate glass. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 224(1), 1–16 (1998)
Karimelahi, S., Abolghasemi, L., Herman, P.R.: Rapid micromachining of high aspect ratio holes in fused silica glass by high repetition rate picosecond laser. Appl. Phys. A 114(1), 91–111 (2014). doi:10.1007/s00339-013-8155-8
Kim, D.-S., Lee, J.-H., Lim, K.-S.: Spatially selective Er/Yb-doped CaF2 crystal formation by CO2 laser exposure. Appl. Surf. Sci. 334, 205–209 (2015). doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.10.001
Mahmoud, M.M., Thumm, M.: Crystallization of lithium disilicate glass using high frequency microwave processing. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 35(10), 2915–2922 (2015). doi:10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2015.04.006
Mahmoud, M.M., Folz, D.C., Suchicital, C.T., Clark, D.E.: Estimate of the crystallization volume fraction in lithium disilicate glass-ceramics using Fourier transform infrared reflectance spectroscopy. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 35(2), 597–604 (2015)
Masuda, M., Sugioka, K., Cheng, Y., Aoki, N., Kawachi, M., Shihoyama, K., Toyoda, K., Helvajian, H., Midorikawa, K.: 3-D microstructuring inside photosensitive glass by femtosecond laser excitation. Appl. Phys. A 76(5), 857–860 (2003)
Müller, R., Zanotto, E., Fokin, V.: Surface crystallization of silicate glasses: nucleation sites and kinetics. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 274(1), 208–231 (2000)
Musgraves, J.D., Richardson, K., Jain, H.: Laser-induced structural modification, its mechanisms, and applications in glassy optical materials. Opt. Mater. Express 1(5), 921–935 (2011)
Sergeev, M., Veiko, V., Savochkin, D., Zakoldaev, R.: Reversible phase-structure modification of photostructurable glass ceramic by CO2-laser irradiation. Appl. Phys. A Mater. Sci. Process. 122(10), 1–8 (2016a). doi:10.1007/s00339-016-0429-5
Sergeev, M., Veiko, V., Zakoldaev, R.: Fast 3D laser-induced reversible phase-structure modification of photostructurable glass. Opt. Quantum Electron. 48(6), 1–12 (2016b). doi:10.1007/s11082-016-0585-z
Soares, P., Zanotto, E., Fokin, V., Jain, H.: TEM and XRD study of early crystallization of lithium disilicate glasses. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 331(1), 217–227 (2003)
Souza, G.P., Fokin, V.M., Rodrigues, C.F., Rodrigues, A.C.M., Zanotto, E.D., Lumeau, J., Glebova, L., Glebov, L.B.: Liquid-liquid phase separation in photo-thermo-refractive glass. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 94(1), 145–150 (2011)
Stookey, S.: Chemical machining of photosensitive glass. Ind. Eng. Chem. 45(1), 115–118 (1953)
Veiko, V., Ignatyev, A., Nikonorov, N., Yakovlev, E., Orlov, D.: Crystallization phenomenon in different glass-ceramic and glass materials under CO2 laser action. In: Fundamentals of Laser Assisted Micro-and Nanotechnologies 2008, pp. 69850E–69857. International Society for Optics and Photonics (2008)
Veiko, V., Kostyuk, G., Nikonorov, N., Rachinskaya, A., Yakovlev, E., Orlov, D.: Fast and reversible phase-structure modifications of glass-ceramic materials under CO2-laser action. In: Advanced Laser Technologies 2006. pp. 66060Q–66010. International Society for Optics and Photonics (2007)
Veiko, V., Ageev, E., Sergeev, M., Petrov, A., Doubenskaia, M.: Photosensitive glass modification based on infrared CO2-laser irradiation. J. Laser Micro/Nanoeng. 8(2), 155–160 (2013). doi:10.2961/jlmn.2013.02.0007
Veiko, V., Kieu, Q., Nikonorov, N., Skiba, P.: On the reversibility of laser-induced phase-structure modification of glass-ceramics. J. Laser Micro/Nanoeng. 1(2), 149–154 (2006)
Veiko, V.P., Sergeev, M.M., Ageev, E.I., Petrov, A.A.: 3D express crystallization of Foturan glass at CO2 laser annealing on defects produced by picosecond laser. In: Fundamentals of Laser Assisted Micro-and Nanotechnologies 2013, vol. 9065. pp. 90650M–90657. International Society for Optics and Photonics (2013b)
Acknowledgements
Authors are grateful to R.A. Zakoldaev for a discussion of some experimental results. Experimental studies have been supported by the Grant from leading universities of the RF (subsidy 074-U01).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
This article is part of the Topical Collection on Fundamentals of Laser Assisted Micro- & Nanotechnologies.
Guest edited by Eugene Avrutin, Vadim Veiko, Tigran Vartanyan and Andrey Belikov.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sergeev, M.M., Poltaev, Y.A. Local phase-structure modification inside of lithium silicate glass by combined double-wavelength laser action. Opt Quant Electron 49, 44 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-016-0873-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-016-0873-7