Abstract
An all-optical half-subtracter is proposed based on harnessing of 3rd order (χ (3)) non-linear effects such as cross-gain modulation (XGM) and cross-phase modulation (XPM) inside a single highly non-linear finer (HNLF), which is capable of operating at 100 Gbps operating bit rate. The XGM effect occurrence in HNLF has been exploited for the implementation of both borrow logics \(\left( {A.\bar{B}\,\& \,\bar{A}.B} \right)\). Whereas, the difference output of proposed half-subtracter represented by \(A \oplus B\) logic is obtained from XPM process taking place on low-energy continuous-wave (CW) probe signal which is co-propagating with two high energy pump signals. The proposed half-subtracter can exhibit cascadability, owing to single wavelength centric nature of all the three logic functions generated such as \(A.\bar{B}\), \(\bar{A}.B\,\&\,A \oplus B\). The proposed half-subtracter functionality is verified through inspection of temporal waveforms and eye diagrams of achieved output logic functions. Further, dependence of output function’s Q-factor and Extinction Ratio (dB) values on following parameters: pump/data signal powers (P A \(\&\) P B ), CW probe power (P CW ) and choice of CW probe operating wavelength (λ CW ) is also investigated and discussed. In the final stages, an investigation has been carried out by implementing secondary logic functions \(\left( {\left( {A.\bar{B}} \right).\bar{C},\,\left( {\overline{{A.\bar{B}}} } \right).{\text{C}}\text{,}\,\left( {\bar{A}.B} \right).\bar{C},\,\left( {\overline{{\bar{A}.B}} } \right).C,\,\left( {\overline{A \oplus B} } \right).C\,\& \,\left( {A \oplus B} \right).\bar{C}} \right)\) to examine the cascade-ability characteristics of the proposed half-subtracter. It has been shown by calculating temporal waveforms and eye diagrams of secondary logic functions such as \(\left( {A.\bar{B}} \right).\bar{C},\,\left( {\overline{{A.\bar{B}}} } \right).{\text{C,}}\,\left( {\bar{A}.B} \right).\bar{C},\,\left( {\overline{{\bar{A}.B}} } \right).C, \left( {\overline{A \oplus B} } \right).C\,\& \,\left( {A \oplus B} \right).\bar{C}\) that proposed cross-modulation effects in HNLF based half-subtracter is indeed cascadable.
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Singh, K., Kaur, G. & Singh, M.L. A cascadable all-optical half-subtracter based on cross-modulation effects in a single highly nonlinear fiber (HNLF). Opt Quant Electron 48, 418 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-016-0692-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-016-0692-x