Abstract
Small signal modal gain measurements have been performed on two-section ridge waveguide InAs/InP (100) quantum-dot amplifiers that we have fabricated with a peak gain wavelength around 1.70 μm. The amplifier structure is suitable for monolithic active-passive integration, and the wavelength region and wide gain bandwidth are of interest for integrated devices in biophotonic applications. A 65 nm blue shift of the peak wavelength in the gain spectrum has been observed with an increase in injection current density from 1,000 to 3,000 A/cm2. The quantum-dot amplifier gain spectra have been analyzed using a quantum-dot rate-equation model that considers only the carrier dynamics. The comparison between measured and simulated spectra shows that two effects in the quantum-dot material introduce this large blue shift in the gain spectrum. The first effect is the carrier concentration dependent state filling with carriers of the bound excited and ground states in the dots. The second effect is the decrease in carrier escape time from the dots to the wetting layer with decreasing dot size.
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Abbreviations
- QD:
-
Quantum dot
- SOA:
-
Semiconductor optical amplifier
- CW:
-
Continuous wave
- WL:
-
Wetting layer
- ES:
-
Excited state
- GS:
-
Ground state
- PL:
-
Photoluminescence
- ASE:
-
Amplified spontaneous emission
- SE:
-
spontaneous emission
- MOVPE:
-
Metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxy
- SCH:
-
Separate confinement heterostructure
- FWHM:
-
Full width half maximum
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Acknowledgements
This work is supported by the IOP (Innovatiegerichte Onderzoeksprogramma’s) Photonic Devices program managed by the Technology Foundation STW (Stichting Technische Wetenschappen) and SenterNovem.
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Open Access This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0), which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
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Tilma, B.W., Tahvili, M.S., Kotani, J. et al. Measurement and analysis of optical gain spectra in 1.6 to 1.8 μm InAs/InP (100) quantum-dot amplifiers. Opt Quant Electron 41, 735–749 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-010-9386-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-010-9386-y