Skip to main content
Log in

A performance study of a nonlinear all Fibre Michelson interferometer, add-drop multiplexer, based in Fibre Bragg grating mirrors

  • Published:
Optical and Quantum Electronics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this paper we report a numerical investigation of an all-fibre narrowband transmission filter in the arrangement of two identical photo-imprinted Bragg gratings symmetrically located in each arm of a Michelson Interferometer, simulating, thus, an add-drop filter. The transmission characteristics and in addition the crosstalk level and extinction ratio, were studied. The coupled mode theory and the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method were applied, respectively, to solve the coupled differential equations. This is the first study, as far as we now, of the performance of this device considering the nonlinearity of the fibre coupler and linearity of the fibre Bragg gratings. The device is presenting a highly nonlinear behavior dependence in dephasing and pump power.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Agrawal G.P.: Applications of Nonlinear Fibre Optics. 1st edn. Academic Press, Boston (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bates R.J.: Optical Switching and Networking Handbook. McGraw-Hill, New York (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  • Baumann I., Seifert J., Nowak W., Sauer M.: Compact all-fibre add-drop-multiplexer using fibre Bragg gratings. IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 8(10), 1331–1333 (1996). doi:10.1109/68.536645

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Bertolotti M., Monaco M., Sibilia C.: Role of the asymmetry in a third-order nonlinear directional coupler. Opt. Commun. 116, 405–410 (1995). doi:10.1016/0030-4018(95)00095-P

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Bilodeau F., Hill K.O., Malo B., Johnson D.C., Albert J.: High return loss narrowband all fibre bandpass Bragg transmission filter. IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 6(l), 80–82 (1994). doi:10.1109/68.265896

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Boling N., Glass A., Owyoung A.: Empirical relationships for predicting nonlinear refractive index changes in optical solids. IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 14(8), 601–608 (1978). doi:10.1109/JQE.1978.1069847

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Fraga W.B., Menezes J.W.M., da Silva M.G., Sobrinho C.S., Sombra A.S.B.: All optical logic gates based on an asymmetric nonlinear directional coupler. Opt. Commun. 262, 32–37 (2006). doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2005.12.033

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Hess R., Caraccia-Gross M., Vogt W., Gamper E., Besse P.A., Duelk M. et al.: All-optical demultiplexing of 80 to 10 Gb/s signals with monolithic integrated high-performance Mach–Zehnder interferometer. IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 10(1), 165–167 (1998). doi:10.1109/68.651151

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ilyas M., Mouftah H.T.: The Handbook of Optical Communication Networks. CRC Press, New York (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kashyap R.: A new class of fibre grating based band-pass filter: the asymmetric interferometer. Opt. Commun. 153, 14–18 (1998). doi:10.1016/S0030-4018(98)00211-9

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Kashyap, R.: A simplified approach to the Bragg grating based Michelson and the in-coupler Bragg grating add-drop multiplexer. In: Optical Fibre Communication Conference and the International Conference on Integrated Optics and Optical Fibre Communication. OFC/IOOC ’99, paper TuN3, vol. 1, pp. 196–198 (1999a)

  • Kashyap R.: Fibre Bragg Gratings. Academic Press, London (1999b)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kashyap R., Maxwell G.D., Ainslie B.J.: Laser Trimmed four-port bandpass filters fabricated in single-mode photosensitive Ge-doped planar waveguides. IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 5(2), 191–194 (1993). doi:10.1109/68.196001

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kawanishi, S.: 100 Gbit/s optical communication systems. In: Proc. OFC’96. San Jose, CA, pp. 136–137 (1996) invited paper WH5

  • Kobayashi S., Sawada M., Suda T., Ogura K., Tsushima H.: Narrow tunable polysilane optical waveguide Bragg grating filters. IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 19(6), 363–365 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leónski W., Miranowicz A.: Kerr nonlinear coupler and entanglement. J. Opt. B Quantum Semiclassical Opt. 6, S37–S42 (2004). doi:10.1088/1464-4266/6/3/007

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Mechin D., Yvernault P., Brilland L., Pureur D.: Influence of Bragg gratings phase mismatch in a Mach–Zehnder-based add-drop multiplexer. J. Lightwave Technol. 21(5), 1411–1416 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Morey, W.W.: Tunable narrow-line bandpass filter using fibre gratings. In: Proc. Conf. on Optical Fibre Communications. OFC ‘91, paper PD2O-1 (1991)

  • Murakami Y.: Characteristics of a grating-folded optical directional coupler. Fibre Integr. Opt. 24(5), 445–456 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Orlov S.S., Yariv A., van Essen S.: Coupled mode analysis of fibre optic add-drop filters for dense wavelength division multiplexing. Opt. Lett. 22(10), 688–690 (1997). doi:10.1364/OL.22.000688

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Ortega B., Capmany J., Pastor D., Tallone L., Boschis L.: Analysis of the back reflected signal in an all fibre bandpass Bragg transmission filter. IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 10(8), 1124–1126 (1998). doi:10.1109/68.701523

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Othonos A.: Fibre Bragg gratings. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 68(12), 4309–4341 (1997). doi:10.1063/1.1148392

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Sobrinho C.S., Sombra A.S.B.: Picosecond pulse switching in an acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) with loss. Nonlinear Opt. 29(1), 79–97 (2002). doi:10.1080/10587260213929

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Whalen M.S., Divino M.D., Alferness R.C.: Demonstration of a narrowband Bragg-reflection filter in a single-mode fibre directional coupler. Electron. Lett. 22(12), (1986). doi:10.1049/el:19860465

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. S. B. Sombra.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Filho, A.F.G.F., Sousa, J.R.R., Lima, F.T. et al. A performance study of a nonlinear all Fibre Michelson interferometer, add-drop multiplexer, based in Fibre Bragg grating mirrors. Opt Quant Electron 40, 525–534 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-008-9239-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-008-9239-0

Keywords

Navigation