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Switching threshold event-triggered estimation and control for unmeasured oxygen excess ratio of automotive PEMFC air feeding system with input and prescribed performance constraints

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Abstract

The oxygen excess ratio (OER) significantly affects the output efficiency and durability of the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), which is unmeasurable and difficult to control reliably. This paper comprehensively considers various practical limitations of the automotive PEMFC air feeding subsystem, including time-varying load, unavailable variables, actuator saturation, performance constraints and limited communication resources, to specially address the event-triggered estimation and control problems for OER. First, a switching threshold event-triggered mechanism (STETM)-based extended state observer (termed STET-ESO) is developed to exactly estimate the unmeasured cathode pressure and OER, in which an adaptive observer bandwidth ensures a dynamic balance between disturbance rejection and noise immunity. Similarly, another STET-ESO is constructed to simultaneously approximate the lumped disturbance and the derivative of OER tracking error. Then, a prescribed performance sliding mode function and an auxiliary system are designed to deal with the tracking error constraints and input saturation, respectively. Further, a switching threshold event-triggered anti-saturation prescribed performance sliding mode controller is proposed to guarantee superior OER regulation under uncertainties, disturbances and constraints; moreover, the chattering and jump phenomena of control signal can be greatly attenuated. It is worth mentioning that different STETMs embed in the sensor-to-controller and controller-to-actuator channels can not only save communication resources, but also better compromise estimation/control performance and communication frequency; besides, the unexpected Zeno behavior can be strictly excluded. Finally, the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed scheme in different operating scenarios are verified by comparative simulations.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Number [51675091]).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China

    Chunlei Zhang, Zhijin Zhang, He Li & Mingxin Li

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  1. Chunlei Zhang
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Correspondence to He Li.

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Zhang, C., Zhang, Z., Li, H. et al. Switching threshold event-triggered estimation and control for unmeasured oxygen excess ratio of automotive PEMFC air feeding system with input and prescribed performance constraints. Nonlinear Dyn 111, 14027–14054 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-023-08559-8

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