Abstract
This paper concerns an investigation into the control of the transient vibration of an Euler–Bernoulli beam using a symmetric single-sided vibro-impact nonlinear energy sink (SSSVI NES). The non-dimensional system of equations is derived by using the Galerkin method. Consideration and theoretical analysis of the impact dynamics of the device is carried out by introducing the impact modes. This analysis shows that the proposed SSSVI NES has increased complexity in its modes of energy dissipation compared with the single-sided vibro-impact NES (SSVI NES). Simulations are conducted with a wide variety of impulse loads to determine the optimum parameters of the SSSVI NES. The beam vibration suppression performance of the optimized SSSVI NES is then compared with both the SSVI NES and the case in which the NES is locked. When these devices have the same total mass, the SSSVI NES has superior vibration suppression performance, especially when the damping in the control device is light. The vibration suppression performance of the SSSVI NES is investigated when its location along the beam is varied. The effect of the clearance between the NES masses and the impact surface on the vibration suppression performance of the SSSVI NES is also investigated, as well as the device’s damping and the coefficient of restitution. Finally, the efficacy of the SSSVI NES device for seismic loads is investigated. The numerical results of this analysis show that the optimized SSSVI NES can effectively reduce the energy in the system and suppress the maximum bending moment and shear stress of the host cantilever beam.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Vakakis, A.F., Gendelman, O.V., Bergman, L., McFarland, D.M., Kerschen, G., Lee, Y.S.: Nonlinear Targeted Energy Transfer in Mechanical and Structural Systems. Springer, Dordrecht (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9130-8
Lu, Z., Wang, Z., Zhou, Y., Lu, X.: Nonlinear dissipative devices in structural vibration control: a review. J. Sound Vib. 423, 18–49 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2018.02.052
Vakakis, A.F.: Inducing passive nonlinear energy sinks in vibrating systems. J. Vib. Acoust. 123, 324 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1115/1.1368883
Gendelman, O., Manevitch, L.I., Vakakis, A.F., M’Closkey, R.: Energy pumping in nonlinear mechanical oscillators: part I—dynamics of the underlying Hamiltonian systems. J. Appl. Mech. 68, 34 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1115/1.1345524
Lee, Y.S., Vakakis, A., Bergman, L., McFarland, D.M., Kerschen, G.: Suppression aeroelastic instability using broadband passive targeted energy transfers, part 1: theory. AIAA J. 45, 693–711 (2007). https://doi.org/10.2514/1.24062
Lee, Y.S., Kerschen, G., McFarland, D.M., Hill, W.J., Nichkawde, C., Strganac, T.W., Bergman, L.A., Vakakis, A.F.: Suppressing aeroelastic instability using broadband passive targeted energy transfers, part 2: experiments. AIAA J. 45, 2391–2400 (2007). https://doi.org/10.2514/1.28300
Gendelman, O.V., Starosvetsky, Y., Feldman, M.: Attractors of harmonically forced linear oscillator with attached nonlinear energy sink I: description of response regimes. Nonlinear Dyn. 51, 31–46 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-006-9167-0
Starosvetsky, Y., Gendelman, O.V.: Attractors of harmonically forced linear oscillator with attached nonlinear energy sink. II: optimization of a nonlinear vibration absorber. Nonlinear Dyn. 51, 47–57 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-006-9168-z
Starosvetsky, Y., Gendelman, O.V.: Response regimes of linear oscillator coupled to nonlinear energy sink with harmonic forcing and frequency detuning. J. Sound Vib. 315, 746–765 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2007.12.023
Sapsis, T.P., Vakakis, A.F., Bergman, L.A.: Effect of stochasticity on targeted energy transfer from a linear medium to a strongly nonlinear attachment. Probab. Eng. Mech. 26, 119–133 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.probengmech.2010.11.006
Lamarque, C.-H., Gendelman, O.V., Ture Savadkoohi, A., Etcheverria, E.: Targeted energy transfer in mechanical systems by means of non-smooth nonlinear energy sink. Acta Mech. 221, 175–200 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00707-011-0492-0
Starosvetsky, Y., Gendelman, O.V.: Vibration absorption in systems with a nonlinear energy sink: nonlinear damping. J. Sound Vib. 324, 916–939 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2009.02.052
Andersen, D., Starosvetsky, Y., Vakakis, A., Bergman, L.: Dynamic instabilities in coupled oscillators induced by geometrically nonlinear damping. Nonlinear Dyn. 67, 807–827 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-011-0028-0
Gendelman, O.V., Alloni, A.: Dynamics of forced system with vibro-impact energy sink. J. Sound Vib. 358, 30114 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2015.08.020
AL-Shudeifat, M.A., Wierschem, N.E., Bergman, L.A., Vakakis, A.F.: Numerical and Experimental Investigations of a Rotating Nonlinear Energy Sink, pp. 763–779. Meccanica, Vancouver (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11012-016-0422-2
Gourdon, E., Alexander, N.A., Taylor, C.A., Lamarque, C.H., Pernot, S.: Nonlinear energy pumping under transient forcing with strongly nonlinear coupling: theoretical and experimental results. J. Sound Vib. 300, 522–551 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2006.06.074
Javidialesaadi, A., Wierschem, N.E.: An inerter-enhanced nonlinear energy sink. Mech. Syst. Signal Process. 129, 449–454 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2019.04.047
Vakakis, A.F., Gendelman, O.: Energy pumping in nonlinear mechanical oscillators: part II—resonance capture. J. Appl. Mech. 68, 42 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1115/1.1345525
Xiong, L., Tang, L., Liu, K., Mace, B.R.: Broadband piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting using a nonlinear energy sink. J. Phys. Appl. Phys. 51, 185502 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/aab9e3
Zhang, Y., Tang, L., Liu, K.: Piezoelectric energy harvesting with a nonlinear energy sink. J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct. 28, 307–322 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389X16642301
Gendelman, O.V.: Transition of energy to a nonlinear localized mode in a highly asymmetric system of two oscillators. Nonlinear Dyn. 25, 237–253 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1012967003477
Motato, E., Haris, A., Theodossiades, S., Mohammadpour, M., Rahnejat, H., Kelly, P., Vakakis, A.F., McFarland, D.M., Bergman, L.A.: Targeted energy transfer and modal energy redistribution in automotive drivetrains. Nonlinear Dyn. 87, 169–190 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-016-3034-4
Blanchard, A., Bergman, L.A., Vakakis, A.F.: Passive suppression mechanisms in laminar vortex-induced vibration of a sprung cylinder with a strongly nonlinear, dissipative oscillator. J. Appl. Mech. 84, 081003 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4036942
Gendelman, O.V., Sapsis, T., Vakakis, A.F., Bergman, L.A.: Enhanced passive targeted energy transfer in strongly nonlinear mechanical oscillators. J. Sound Vib. 330, 1–8 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2010.08.014
Wierschem, N.E., Quinn, D.D., Hubbard, S.A., Al-Shudeifat, M.A., McFarland, D.M., Luo, J., Fahnestock, L.A., Spencer, B.F., Vakakis, A.F., Bergman, L.A.: Passive damping enhancement of a two-degree-of-freedom system through a strongly nonlinear two-degree-of-freedom attachment. J. Sound Vib. 331, 5393–5407 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2012.06.023
AL-Shudeifat, M.A.: Highly efficient nonlinear energy sink. Nonlinear Dyn. 76, 1905–1920 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-014-1256-x
Luo, J., Wierschem, N.E., Fahnestock, L.A., Spencer, B.F., Quinn, D.D., McFarland, D.M., Vakakis, A.F., Bergman, L.A.: Design, simulation, and large-scale testing of an innovative vibration mitigation device employing essentially nonlinear elastomeric springs. Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn. 43, 1829–1851 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2424
Sigalov, G., Gendelman, O.V., AL-Shudeifat, M.A., Manevitch, L.I., Vakakis, A.F., Bergman, L.A.: Resonance captures and targeted energy transfers in an inertially-coupled rotational nonlinear energy sink. Nonlinear Dyn. 69, 1693–1704 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-012-0379-1
Wang, J., Wierschem, N.E., Spencer Jr., B.F., Lu, X.: Track nonlinear energy sink for rapid response reduction in building structures. J. Eng. Mech. 141, 04014104 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EM.1943-7889.0000824
Wang, J., Wierschem, N., Spencer, B.F., Lu, X.: Experimental study of track nonlinear energy sinks for dynamic response reduction. Eng. Struct. 94, 9–15 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.03.007
Li, W., Wierschem, N.E., Li, X., Yang, T., Brennan, M.J.: Numerical study of a single-sided vibro-impact track nonlinear energy sink considering horizontal and vertical dynamics. J. Vib. Acoust. 141, 061013 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4044486
Nucera, F., Vakakis, A.F., McFarland, D.M., Bergman, L.A., Kerschen, G.: Targeted energy transfers in vibro-impact oscillators for seismic mitigation. Nonlinear Dyn. 50, 651–677 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-006-9189-7
Karayannis, I., Vakakis, A.F., Georgiades, F.: Vibro-impact attachments as shock absorbers. Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. C J. Mech. Eng. Sci. 222, 1899–1908 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1243/09544062JMES864
Nucera, F., Lo Iacono, F., McFarland, D.M., Bergman, L.A., Vakakis, A.F.: Application of broadband nonlinear targeted energy transfers for seismic mitigation of a shear frame: experimental results. J. Sound Vib. 313, 57–76 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2007.11.018
Nucera, F., McFarland, D.M., Bergman, L.A., Vakakis, A.F.: Application of broadband nonlinear targeted energy transfers for seismic mitigation of a shear frame: computational results. J. Sound Vib. 329, 2973–2994 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2010.01.020
Lee, Y.S., Nucera, F., Vakakis, A.F., McFarland, D.M., Bergman, L.A.: Periodic orbits, damped transitions and targeted energy transfers in oscillators with vibro-impact attachments. Phys. Nonlinear Phenom. 238, 1868–1896 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physd.2009.06.013
Ahmadi, M., Attari, N.K.A., Shahrouzi, M.: Structural seismic response mitigation using optimized vibro-impact nonlinear energy sinks. J. Earthq. Eng. 19, 193–219 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2014.962671
Moore, K.J., Kurt, M., Eriten, M., McFarland, D.M., Bergman, L.A., Vakakis, A.F.: Wavelet-bounded empirical mode decomposition for vibro-impact analysis. Nonlinear Dyn. 93, 1559–1577 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-018-4276-0
AL-Shudeifat, M.A., Wierschem, N., Quinn, D.D., Vakakis, A.F., Bergman, L.A., Spencer, B.F.: Numerical and experimental investigation of a highly effective single-sided vibro-impact non-linear energy sink for shock mitigation. Int. J. Non-Linear Mech. 52, 96–109 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnonlinmec.2013.02.004
Luo, J., Wierschem, N.E., Hubbard, S.A., Fahnestock, L.A., Dane Quinn, D., Michael McFarland, D., Spencer, B.F., Vakakis, A.F., Bergman, L.A.: Large-scale experimental evaluation and numerical simulation of a system of nonlinear energy sinks for seismic mitigation. Eng. Struct. 77, 34–48 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2014.07.020
Wierschem, N.E., Hubbard, S.A., Luo, J., Fahnestock, L.A., Spencer, B.F., McFarland, D.M., Quinn, D.D., Vakakis, A.F., Bergman, L.A.: Response attenuation in a large-scale structure subjected to blast excitation utilizing a system of essentially nonlinear vibration absorbers. J. Sound Vib. 389, 52–72 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2016.11.003
Li, W., Wierschem, N.E., Li, X., Yang, T.: On the energy transfer mechanism of the single-sided vibro-impact nonlinear energy sink. J. Sound Vib. 437, 166–179 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2018.08.057
Luo, J., Wierschem, N.E., Hubbard, S.A., Fahnestock, L.A., Quinn, D.D., McFarland, D.M., Spencer Jr, B.F., Vakakis, A.F., Bergman, L.A.: Seismic mitigation performance of multiple nonlinear energy sinks attached to a large-scale nine-story test structure. In: Proceedings in Vienna Congress on Recent Advances in Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria (2013)
Ahmadabadi, Z.N., Khadem, S.E.: Nonlinear vibration control of a cantilever beam by a nonlinear energy sink. Mech. Mach. Theory. 50, 134–149 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mechmachtheory.2011.11.007
Parseh, M., Dardel, M., Ghasemi, M.H.: Performance comparison of nonlinear energy sink and linear tuned mass damper in steady-state dynamics of a linear beam. Nonlinear Dyn. 81, 1981–2002 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-015-2120-3
Zhang, Y.-W., Yuan, B., Fang, B., Chen, L.-Q.: Reducing thermal shock-induced vibration of an axially moving beam via a nonlinear energy sink. Nonlinear Dyn. 87, 1159–1167 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-016-3107-4
Chen, J.E., He, W., Zhang, W., Yao, M.H., Liu, J., Sun, M.: Vibration suppression and higher branch responses of beam with parallel nonlinear energy sinks. Nonlinear Dyn. 91, 885–904 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-017-3917-z
Kani, M., Khadem, S.E., Pashaei, M.H., Dardel, M.: Vibration control of a nonlinear beam with a nonlinear energy sink. Nonlinear Dyn. 83, 1–22 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-015-2304-x
Fang, X., Wen, J., Yin, J., Yu, D.: Highly efficient continuous bistable nonlinear energy sink composed of a cantilever beam with partial constrained layer damping. Nonlinear Dyn. 87, 2677–2695 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-016-3220-4
Azeez, M.F.A., Vakakis, A.F.: Proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) of a class of vibroimpact oscillations. J. Sound Vib. 240, 859–889 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1006/jsvi.2000.3264
Ritto, T.G., Buezas, F.S., Sampaio, R.: A new measure of efficiency for model reduction: application to a vibroimpact system. J. Sound Vib. 330, 1977–1984 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2010.11.004
Ritto, T.G., Buezas, F.S., Sampaio, R.: Proper orthogonal decomposition for model reduction of a vibroimpact system. J. Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng. 34, 330–340 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-58782012000300013
Ding, H., Chen, L.-Q., Yang, S.-P.: Convergence of Galerkin truncation for dynamic response of finite beams on nonlinear foundations under a moving load. J. Sound Vib. 331, 2426–2442 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2011.12.036
Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER): PEER Ground Motion Database. https://ngawest2.berkeley.edu/ (2019). Accessed 26 June 2019
Acknowledgements
The authors gratefully acknowledge the China Scholarship Council which supported the first author’s visit to the University of Tennessee, Knoxville and the financial support from the National Science Foundation of China (No. 51375103). The authors wish to thank the reviewers for their careful and constructive suggestions that have led to improvements in this manuscript.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Li, W., Wierschem, N.E., Li, X. et al. Numerical study of a symmetric single-sided vibro-impact nonlinear energy sink for rapid response reduction of a cantilever beam. Nonlinear Dyn 100, 951–971 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-020-05571-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-020-05571-0