Skip to main content
Log in

Integral relations for rogue wave formations of Gardner equation

  • Original paper
  • Published:
Nonlinear Dynamics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Rogue wave structures can often be described by a set of rational solutions. These can be derived for physical systems satisfying various well-known nonlinear equations. We present integral relations which characterize the Gardner rogue waves, and show that they take integer values. These could be used to identify the order of a measured rogue wave. Finally, we compare these with rogue wave forms of other nonlinear partial differential equations. Similarities and differences in integral relations among those systems are found. We study the movement of relevant poles on the complex plane as well.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Akhmediev, N., Ankiewicz, A., Taki, M.: Waves that appear from nowhere and disappear without a trace. Phys. Lett. A 373(6), 675–678 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Chabchoub, A., Hoffmann, N., Onorato, M., Akhmediev, N.: Super rogue waves: observation of a higher-order breather in water waves. Phys. Rev. X 2(1), 011015 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Li, B.-Q., Ma, Y.-L.: Rogue waves for the optical fiber system with variable coefficients. Optik 158, 177–184 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Ankiewicz, A., Bokaeeyan, M., Akhmediev, N.: Shallow-water rogue waves: an approach based on complex solutions of the Korteweg-de Vries equation. Phys. Rev. E 99(5), 050201 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Ankiewicz, A., Akhmediev, N.: Rogue wave-type solutions of the mKdV equation and their relation to known NLSE rogue wave solutions. Nonlinear Dyn. 91, 1931–1938 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-017-3991-2

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Bokaeeyan, M., Ankiewicz, A., Akhmediev, N.: Bright and dark rogue internal waves: the Gardner equation approach. Phys. Rev. E 99(6), 062224 (2019)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  7. Slunyaev, A.V., Pelinovsky, E.N.: Role of multiple soliton interactions in the generation of rogue waves: the modified Korteweg-de Vries framework. Phys. Rev. Lett. 117(21), 214501 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Zabusky, N.J., Galvin, C.J.: Shallow-water waves, the Korteweg-deVries equation and solitons. J. Fluid Mech. 47(4), 811–824 (1971)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Hamdi, S., Morse, B., Halphen, B., Schiesser, W.: Conservation laws and invariants of motion for nonlinear internal waves: part II. Nat. Hazards 57, 609–616 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-011-9737-4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Ankiewicz, A., Akhmediev, N.: Multi-rogue waves and triangular numbers. Rom. Rep. Phys. 69, 104 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Dowie, E: Rational solutions of nonlinear partial differential equations. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Kent, Chapter II (2018)

  12. Chabchoub, A., Hoffmann, N., Onorato, M., Slunyaev, A., Sergeeva, A., Pelinovsky, E., Akhmediev, N.: Observation of a hierarchy of up to fifth-order rogue waves in a water tank. Phys. Rev. E 86(5), 056601 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Ankiewicz, A., Clarkson, P.A., Akhmediev, N.: Rogue waves, rational solutions, the patterns of their zeros and integral relations,(fast track communication). J. Phys. A Math. Theor. 43, 122002 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8113/43/12/122002

  14. Akhmediev, N., Ankiewicz, A.: Solitons. Chapman and Hall, London (1997)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  15. Lokenath, D.: Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations for Scientists and Engineers. Springer, Berlin (2011)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  16. Cen, J., Correa, F., Fring, A.: Time-delay and reality conditions for complex solitons. J. Math. Phys. 58(3), 032901 (2017)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Adrian Ankiewicz.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Ankiewicz, A., Bokaeeyan, M. Integral relations for rogue wave formations of Gardner equation. Nonlinear Dyn 99, 2939–2944 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-019-05377-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-019-05377-9

Keywords

Navigation