Abstract
We study the existence of soliton pairs in nonlocal nonlinear coupler and the effects of nonlocal nonlinearity on the stability and types of soliton pairs. Bright soliton, dipole soliton, periodic soliton, double soliton and dark soliton are found, and many kinds of antisymmetric, symmetric and asymmetric solitons can be obtained by adjusting the nonlinear parameters or coupling coefficients. In addition, the stability of the exact bright solitary wave solutions and dipole-mode solitary wave solutions with the white noise perturbation are also investigated numerically. It is investigated that the energy flow and the Hamiltonian, and the energy flow are related to the nonlocal parameter. Moreover, We also obtain some Airy-like solitons by numerical method.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Maier, A.M.: Optical transistors and bistable devices utilizing nonlinear transmission of light in systems with undirectional coupled waves. Kvantovaya Elektron. (Moscow) 9, 2296–2302 (1982)
Jensen, S.M.: The nonlinear coherent coupler. IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 30, 1580–1583 (1982)
Trillo, S., Wabnitz, S., Wright, E.M., Stegeman, G.I.: Soliton switching in fiber nonlinear directional couplers. Opt. Lett. 13, S1237–S1267 (1988)
Wilson, J., Stegeman, G.I., Wright, E.M.: Soliton switching in an erbium-doped nonlinear fiber coupler. Opt. Lett. 16, 1653–1655 (1991)
Yang, C.: All-optical ultrafast logic gates that use asymmetric nonlinear directional couplers. Opt. Lett. 16, 1641–1643 (1991)
Abdullaev, FKh, Abrarov, R.M., Darmanyan, S.A.: Dynamics of solitons in coupled optical fibers. Opt. Lett. 14, 131–133 (1989)
Wright, E.M., Stegeman, G.I., Wabnitz, S.: Solitary-wave decay and symmetry-breaking instabilities in two-mode fibers. Phys. Rev. A 40, 4455–4466 (1989)
Paré, C., Florjanczyk, M.: Approximate model of soliton dynamics in all-optical couplers. Phys. Rev. A 41, 6287–6295 (1990)
Snyder, A.W., Mitchell, D.J., Poladian, L., Rowland, D.R., Chen, Y.: Linear approach for approximating spatial solitons and nonlinear guided modes. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 8, 1618–1620 (1991)
Romangoli, M., Trillo, S., Wabnitz, S.: Soliton switching in nonlinear couplers. Opt. Quantum Electron. 24, S1237–S1267 (1992)
Mak, W.C., Malomed, B.A., Chu, P.L.: Symmetric and asymmetric solitons in linearly coupled Bragg gratings. Phys. Rev. E 69, 279–307 (2004)
Scalora, M., Bloemer, M.J., Manka, A.S., Dowling, J.P., Bowden, C.M., Viswanathan, R., Haus, J.W.: Pulsed second-harmonic generation in nonlinear, one-dimensional, periodic structures. Phys. Rev. A 56, 3166–3174 (1997)
Snyder, A.W., Chen, Y.: Nonlinear fiber couplers: switches and polarization beamsplitters. Opt. Lett. 14, 517–519 (1989)
Akhmediev, N., Ankiewicz, A.: Novel soliton states and bifurcation phenomena in nonlinear fiber couplers. Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 2395–2398 (1993)
Litvak, A.G., Mironov, V.A., Fraiman, G.M., Iunakovskii, A.D.: Thermal self-effect of wave beams in a plasma with a nonlocal nonlinearity. Sov. J. Plasma Phys. 1, 60–71 (1974)
Peccianti, M., Conti, C., Assanto, G.: Interplay between nonlocality and nonlinearity in nematic liquid crystals. Opt. Lett. 30, 415–417 (2005)
Rotschild, C., Cohen, O., Manela, O., Segev, M., Carmon, T.: Solitons in nonlinear media with an in finite range of nonlocality: first observation of coherent elliptic solitons and of vortex-ring solitons. Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 2365–2374 (2005)
Guo, R., Zhao, H.H., Wang, Y.: A higher-order coupled nonlinear Schrödinger system: solitons, breathers, and rogue wave solutions. Nonlinear Dyn. 82, 2475–2484 (2016)
Gordon, J.P., Leite, R.C.C., Moore, R.S., Porto, S.P.S., Whinnery, J.R.: Long-transient effects in lasers with inserted liquid samples. J. Appl. Phys. 36, 3–8 (1965)
Mitchell, M., Segev, M., Christodoulides, D.N.: Observation of multihump multimode solitons. Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 4657–4660 (1998)
Mamaev, A.V., Zozulya, A.A., Mezentsev, V.K., Anderson, D.Z., Saffman, M.: Bound dipole solitary solutions in anisotropic nonlocal self-focusing media. Phys. Rev. A 56, 1110–1113 (1997)
Santos, L., Shlyapnikov, G.V., Zoller, P., Lewenstein, M.: Bose Einstein condensation in trapped dipolar gases. Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 1791–1794 (2000)
Prez-Garca, V.M., Konotop, V.V., Garcia-Ripoll, J.J.: Dynamics of quasicollapse in nonlinear Schrödinger systems with nonlocal interactions. Phys. Rev. E 62, 4300–4308 (2000)
Snyder, A.W., Mitchell, D.J.: Accessible solitons. Science 276, 1538–1541 (1997)
Conti, C., Peccianti, M., Assanto, G.: Observation of optical spatial solitons in a highly nonlocal medium. Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 113902 (2004)
Dai, C.Q., Wang, Y.Y.: Spatiotemporal localizations in (3+1)-dimensional PT-symmetric and strongly nonlocal nonlinear media. Nonlinear Dyn. 83, 2453C2459 (2016)
Peccianti, M., Brzdakiewicz, K.A., Assanto, G.: Nonlocal spatial soliton interactions in nematic liquid crystals. Opt. Lett. 27, 1460–1462 (2002)
Hu, W., Zhang, T., Guo, Q., Xuan, L., Lan, S.: Nonlocality-controlled interaction of spatial solitons in nematic liquid crystals. Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 071111 (2006)
Ouyang, S.G., Guo, Q.: (1+2) -dimensional strongly nonlocal solitons. Phys. Rev. A 76, 400–403 (2007)
Hu, W., Ouyang, S.G., Yang, P.B., Guo, Q., Lan, S.: Short-range interactions between strongly nonlocal spatial solitons. Phys. Rev. A 77, 1012–1015 (2008)
Zhou, Q., Liu, L., Zhang, H., Mirzazadeh, M., Bhrawy, A., Zerrad, E., Biswas, A.: Dark and singular optical solitons with competing nonlocal nonlinearities. Opt. Appl. 46, 79–86 (2016)
Zhou, Q., Zhu, Q.: Theoretical study of dark solitons in media with competing nonlocal nonlinearities and local quintic nonlinearity. J. Mod. Opt. 61, 1465–1469 (2014)
Miyake, S., Hinotani, K., Ito, N., Sasaki, H., Yoshii, H., Kino, S.: Direct measurment of the attenuation length of extensive air showers. Sov. J. Plasma Phys. 118, 590–595 (1975)
Kolchugina, I.A., Mironov, V.A., Sergeev, A.M.: Structure of steady-state solitons in systems with a nonlocal nonlinearity. JETP Lett. 31, 304–307 (1980)
Krlikowski, W., Bang, O., Rasmussen, J.J., Wyller, J.: Modulational instability in nonlocal nonlinear Kerr media. Phys. Rev. E 64, 016612 (2001)
Aleksi, B.N.: Variational approach versus accessible soliton approximation in nonlocal, nonlinear media. Phys. Scr. T162, 014003 (2014)
Shi, X.L., Malomed, B.A., Ye, F.W., Chen, X.F.: Symmetric and asymmetric solitons in a nonlocal nonlinear coupler. Phys. Rev. A 85, 053839 (2012)
Zhou, Q., Zhu, Q., Liu, Y., Yao, P., Bhrawy, A.H., Moraru, L., Biswas, A.: Bright-dark combo optical solitons with non-local nonlinearity in parabolic law medium. Optoelectron. Adv. Mater.-Rapid Commun. 8, 837–839 (2014)
Królikowski, W., Bang, O., Nikolov, N.I., Neshev, D., Wyller, J., Rasmussen, J.J., Edmundson, D.: Modulational instability, solitons and beam propagation in spatially nonlocal nonlinear media. J. Opt. B: Quantum Semiclass. Opt. 6, S288 (2004)
Wang, Z., Guo, Q., Hong, W.Y., Hu, W.: Modulational instability in nonlocal Kerr media with sine-oscillatory response. arXiv:1608.01822 (2016)
Liang, G., et al.: Transition between self-focusing and self-defocusing in nonlocally nonlinear media. arXiv:1510.05759 (2015)
Tiofack, C.G.L., Tagwoa, H., Dafounansou, O., Mohamadou, A., Kofane, T.C.: Modulational instability in nonlocal media with competing non-Kerr nonlinearities. Opt. Commun. 375, 7–14 (2015)
Zhou, Q., Zhong, Y., Mirzazadeh, M., Bhrawy, A.H., Zerrad, E., Biswas, A.: Thirring combo-solitons with cubic nonlinearity and spatio-temporal dispersion. Waves Random Complex Media 26, 204–210 (2016)
Zhou, Q., Zhu, Q., Liu, L., Yao, P., Bhrawy, A.H., Moraru, L., Biswas, A.: Bright-dark combo optical solitons with non-local nonlinearity in parabolic law medium. Optoelectron. Adv. Mater.-Rapid Commun. 8, 837–839 (2014)
Lou, S.Y., Hu, X.R., Chen, Y.: Nonlocal symmetries related to Bäcklund transformation and their applications. J. Phys. A Math. Theor. 45, 155209 (2012)
Hu, X.R., Lou, S.Y., Chen, Y.: Explicit solutions from eigenfunction symmetry of the Korteweg-de Vries equation. Phys. Rev. E 85, 056607 (2012)
Lou, S.Y., Tang, X.Y., Lin, J.: Similarity and conditional similarity reductions of a (2+1)-dimensional KdV equation via a direct method. J. Math. Phys. 41, 8286–8303 (2000)
Lin, J., Chen, W.W., Jia, J.: Abundant soliton solutions of general nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger system with external field. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 31, 188–195 (2014)
Jia, J., Lin, J.: Solitons in nonlocal nonlinear kerr media with exponential response function. Opt. Exp. 20, 7469–7479 (2012)
Wang, H., Lin, J.: Solitons in photovoltaic photorefractive media with an external electric field. Opt. Commun. 284, 1485–1490 (2011)
Ren, B., Cheng, X.P., Lin, J.: The (2 + 1)-dimensional Konopelchenko-Dubrovsky equation: nonlocal symmetries and interaction solutions. Nonlinear Dyn. 86, 1855–1862 (2016)
Zhou, Q., Zhu, Q.: Theoretical study of dark solitons in media with competing nonlocal nonlinearities and local quintic nonlinearity. J. Mod. Opt. 61, 1465–1469 (2014)
Zhou, Q., Liu, L., Zhang, H., Mirzazadeh, M., Bhrawy, A.H., Zerrad, E.: Dark and singular optical solitons with competing nonlocal nonlinearities. Opt. Appl. 46, 79–86 (2016)
Du, Y.W., Zhou, Z.X., Tian, H., Liu, D.J.: Bright solitons and repulsive in-phase interaction in media with competing nonlocal Kerr nonlinearities. J. Opt. 13, 40–47 (2011)
Acknowledgements
The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang province No. LZ15A050001 and the National Natural Science Foundation of China No.11675146.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Dang, YL., Li, HJ. & Lin, J. Soliton solutions in nonlocal nonlinear coupler. Nonlinear Dyn 88, 489–501 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-016-3255-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-016-3255-6