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Graphical exploration of the connectivity sets of alternated Julia sets

\(\mathcal{M}\), the set of disconnected alternated Julia sets

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Abstract

Using computer graphics and visualization algorithms, we extend in this work the results obtained analytically in Danca et al. (Int. J. Bifurc. Chaos, 19:2123–2129, 2009), on the connectivity domains of alternated Julia sets, defined by switching the dynamics of two quadratic Julia sets. As proved in Danca et al. (Int. J. Bifurc. Chaos, 19:2123–2129, 2009), the alternated Julia sets exhibit, as for polynomials of degree greater than two, the disconnectivity property in addition to the known dichotomy property (connectedness and totally disconnectedness), which characterizes the standard Julia sets. Via experimental mathematics, we unveil these connectivity domains, which are four-dimensional fractals. The computer graphics results show here, without substituting the proof but serving as a research guide, that for the alternated Julia sets, the Mandelbrot set consists of the set of all parameter values, for which each alternated Julia set is not only connected, but also disconnected.

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Notes

  1. Intuitively, a totally disconnected set is a set, which can be broken into two pieces at each of its points, the breakpoint being always “in between” the original set while if a set can be separated into two open and disjoint sets such that neither set is empty and both sets combined give the original set, then the set is called disconnected. A set which is not disconnected is connected.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Robert L. Devaney and Bodil Branner for their useful comments, which helped us to understand better the connectivity aspects presented in [1].

We thank the reviewers for their valuable comments, which helped to considerably improve the quality of the manuscript.

The work was supported by iVEC through the use of advanced computing resources located at the University of Western Australia. The volume rendering is performed using Drishti, a “Volume Exploration and Presentation Tool” developed by Ajay Limaye at the Australia National University [16].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Avram Iancu University, 400380, Cluj-Napoca, Romania

    Marius-F. Danca

  2. Romanian Institute for Science and Technology, 400487, Cluj-Napoca, Romania

    Marius-F. Danca

  3. The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia

    Paul Bourke

  4. Information Security Institute, CSIC, Serrano 144, 28006, Madrid, Spain

    Miguel Romera

Authors
  1. Marius-F. Danca
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  2. Paul Bourke
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  3. Miguel Romera
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Correspondence to Marius-F. Danca.

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Danca, MF., Bourke, P. & Romera, M. Graphical exploration of the connectivity sets of alternated Julia sets. Nonlinear Dyn 73, 1155–1163 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-013-0859-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-013-0859-y

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