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Evolution of runoff discharge patterns and risk assessment of water inrush in mountainous railroad tunnels

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Abstract

Mountain railroad tunnels often need to cross deep and large active fracture zones during construction and tunnel site areas can be crisscrossed with underground water systems that carry huge volumes of water. The risk of sudden water inrush during the construction of mountain railroad tunnels is high, and uncontrolled inrush water runoff can negatively impact the tunnel site area. Therefore, risk assessments and prevention of inrush related surface runoff damage is key to reducing the ecological impact of tunnel construction. In this paper, the inrush water runoff of a typical mountainous railroad tunnel in the southwest of China was taken as the research object and the hydrological model and hierarchical analysis (AHP) were used to build a comprehensive risk assessment algorithm for surface runoff. Then the risk level of each section of the runoff channel was assessed under different flow scenarios and different inrush water runoff environmental risk prevention measures were proposed.

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The data used in this research were extracted from Landsat 8 OLI satellite images (Glovis.usgs.gov).

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Acknowledgements

We gratefully acknowledge financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 71942006).

Funding

This research was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 71942006), the New Teacher Start-up Plan of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (NO. AF1200050, NO. 23X010502005) and the Research Project of Philosophy and Social Science Planning in Heilongjiang Province (No. 22JYE462).

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Author notes

  1. Xu Yang and Xin Gao have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Geographical Sciences, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, China

    Xu Yang, Dandan You, Qi Li, Yanping Hu & Lanxin Kang

  2. Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Geographical Environment Monitoring and Spatial Information Service in Cold Regions, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, China

    Xu Yang, Dandan You, Qi Li, Yanping Hu & Lanxin Kang

  3. Antai College of Economics & Management, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China

    Xin Gao & Saixing Zeng

  4. Department of Economics and Management, Chang’an University, Shaanxi Province, Xi’an, 710054, China

    Jingxiao Zhang

  5. School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China

    Xinhao Hu

  6. State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin, 150001, China

    Xinhao Hu

Authors
  1. Xu Yang
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by Dandan You, Qi Li, Xu Yang, Xin Gao, Saixing Zeng, and Jingxiao Zhang. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Dandan You, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Dandan You.

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Yang, X., You, D., Gao, X. et al. Evolution of runoff discharge patterns and risk assessment of water inrush in mountainous railroad tunnels. Nat Hazards (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-024-06554-9

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