Abstract
This work reports radon-thoron monitoring at two depths (60 and 90 cm) and at 82 sites around Jawalamukhi thrust of NW Himalaya, India using Solid State Nuclear Track Detectors (SSNTDs). Further, radium contents of soil samples have been measured using NaI(Tl) crystal detectors and the exhalation rates have been measured using SMART Rn Duo monitor. The average radon-thoron concentrations at two different depths are found to be 3043 \(\pm\) 691 Bq m−3, 4969 \(\pm\) 561 Bq m−3 & 448 \(\pm\) 416 Bq m−3, 773 \(\pm\) 117 Bq m−3. Average value of area exhalation rate found to be 299.9 \(\times\) 10−3 Bq m−2 h−1 with radium contents of value 51.04 Bq kg−1. The convective velocity of radon-thoron along with their flux densities has also been calculated. The average magnitudes of flux densities for radon-thoron found to be 44.96 \(\times\) 10−2 Bq m−2 s−1 and 15.57 \(\times\) 10−2 Bq m−2 s−1 whereas the convective velocities calculated to 8.38 \(\times\) 10−6 m s−1 and 25.69 \(\times\) 10−3 m s−1. The recorded values of thoron are lower than the recorded radon values. Moreover, the value of radon and thoron is higher at depth 90 cm than at depth 60 cm. The anomalous radon-thoron concentrations have been observed along the Jawalamukhi thrust and at some other sites suggesting secondary porosity or presence of local fault/lineament. A good correlation between area exhalation rates and radium contents, as well as between mass exhalation rates and radium has been observed. However weak correlation between porosity and area exhalation rates has been observed in this region.
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Acknowledgements
We thank the Principal Govt. College Sarkaghat, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India for their cooperation during the research work. We are also thankful to the laboratory staff of the National Institute of Technology Jalandhar, Punjab, India, Govt. College Sarkaghat, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India, and Career Point University Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh, India for providing the necessary facilities to carry out the research work. The authors are also thankful to the residents of the study area for their cooperation during the fieldwork.
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The idea for this manuscript arose from discussions between all of the coauthors. AK drafted the manuscript and helped in analysing the data. GK, RB, MK, PK and RM have generated the data and have carried out fieldwork in the study area. They have also helped in analysing the collected data. VW provided valuable input on data and its interpretations.
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Kumar, G., Bhadwal, R., Kumar, M. et al. Radioactivity monitoring in the vicinity of Jawalamukhi thrust NW Himalaya, India for tectonic study. Nat Hazards 111, 2219–2240 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-021-05134-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-021-05134-5