Abstract
School buses are important components of the educational structure of societies worldwide. Children’s safety on school bus trips is first and foremost. Decisions made by bus drivers, traffic authorities, school divisions and parents can have a substantial influence. Each year, school buses are used for an estimated 10 billion student trips in the USA. Every school day, 475,000 school buses transport 25 million children to and from schools and school-related activities. Numerous studies have been carried out on school bus and pupil safety during the last 40 years. One important result that has emerged from these studies is that the school bus is the safest mode of transportation for school children. The numbers of accidents, injuries and fatalities show that more school-aged children die in private cars than in school buses. School bus accidents can be either single or multiple vehicle accidents, and the injuries and fatalities are not confined to the occupants of these vehicles but can also include the occupants of other vehicles, pedestrians and bicyclists. This article analyzes school bus accidents in terms of their types, causes and impacts, comparing Canada and the USA. One result that emerges here is that there are more similarities than differences in school bus accidents and the resulting affects.
References
Chapman J, Patman D (2013) The development of school area traffic safety guidelines for Manitoba, Canada. Transportation Association of Canada, Canada
EASH (2010) A review of accidents and injuries to road transport drivers. Publications Office of the European Union, European Agency for Safety and Health
Lapner PC, Nguyen D (2001) Analysis of a school bus crash: mechanism of injury and the unrestrained passenger. In: Proceedings of the Canadian multidisciplinary road safety, London, Ontario, Canada
Lipka B, Dima E, Scherer K (2007). School bus accidents. Federal Association Unfallkassen, Department of Statistics and Epidemiology Munich. www.unfallkassen.de
McGeehan J, Annest JL, Vajani M, Bull MJ, Agran PE, Smith GA (2006) School bus-related injuries among children and teenagers in the United States 2001–2003. Pediatrics, American Academy of Pediatrics 118:1978–1984
MDPS (2012) Minnesota motor vehicle crash facts, Minnesota Department of Public Safety, Office of Traffic Safety, Minnesota, USA. https://dps.mn.gov/divisions/ots/
NHTSA (2012) School transportation-related crashes. National Center for Statistics and Analysis, Washington DC
Panlilio VP, Gardner W (2001) School bus crash performance: case studies. In: Proceedings of the Canadian multidisciplinary road safety conference XII, June 10–13, London, Ontario
PHC (2011) Motor vehicle safety with support of Public Health Canada, http://www.tc.gc.ca/eng/motorvehiclesafety/tp-tp15145-1201.htm Retrieved December 20, 2013
PHC (2012) Injury in review, Public Health Canada, www.phac-aspc.gc.ca
QSTSTF (2001) Queensland school transport safety task force–overview of research and practice, Queensland, Australia. www.hlth.qut.edu.au/psyc/carrs/schooltransportsafety/index.asp
Spink SJ (2006) School bus crashes in Michigan. Michigan Department of State Police, Traffic Services Section, Field Support Unit, USA
TIS (2004) Road safety in school transport—Final report, directorate general energy and transport. In: Macário R, Carvalho D (eds) http://www.tis.pt/
Transport Canada (2007). School bus collisions 1995–2004. Transport Canada, motor vehicle safety, TP 2436, RS 2007-02 E, December 2007. http://www.tc.gc.ca/
USDT (2009) Bus operator types and driver factors in fatal bus crashes. US Department of Transport Report, Washington DC
Wikipedia (2014) School bus accidents in USA. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/School_bus_accidents Retrieved December 20, 2013
Zhaopei Z, Shanzhong Q, Yuetong X (2013) A new type of human-made disaster from the frequent school bus accidents in China. Nat Hazards 67:975–977
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Nirupama, N., Hafezi, H. A short communication on school bus accidents: a review and analysis. Nat Hazards 74, 2305–2310 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-014-1255-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-014-1255-8