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Resilience and organisational institutionalism from a cross-cultural perspective: an exploration based on urban climate change adaptation in Vietnam

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Abstract

Resilience theory has gained considerable prominence with regard to the management of social-ecological systems and more recently climate change adaptation. Yet, how resilience is precisely understood, how its institutionalisation works and how organisations can operationalise principles for achieving resilience often remains vague. Therefore, the paper explores how institutional and organisational theory can enhance the understanding on resilience. Linking organisational institutionalism to resilience theory, the paper analyses in particular how resilience thinking can diffuse and translate into organisational action, and which challenges and barriers may exist. Empirical research on formal urban climate change adaptation in Vietnam is used to explore the important role of distinctive institutional features in a given culture, region or sector for shaping this process. It is argued that such context-specific institutional framework conditions are often underemphasised, thereby, hampering the transferability as well as operationalisation and implementation of resilience propositions. Relevant aspects include epistemological, ontological and normative dimensions. Linking the case study to neoinstitutional theory, recommendations are developed for increasing the intercultural transferability of resilience thinking into organisational practices.

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Notes

  1. Among these early institutionalists were, for example, Spencer, Marx, Durkheim, Weber, Parson and Bourdieu, to only name some of the most influential contributors (Scott 2008).

  2. An organisational field can be defined in this context as “a community of organisations that partakes of a common meaning system and whose participants interact more frequently and fatefully with one another than with actors outside the field” (Scott 2008: 86). Organisational fields may be constituted through linkages regarding, for example, funding, regulation, administration, trade, information, or production of similar goods and services (DiMaggio and Powell 1983: 148).

  3. The demarcation of rural vs. urban areas is in Vietnam regulated through legislation on the classification of administrative units. According to this legislative framework, cities and towns are graded into different levels, depending on their population size, land use profile, and other particularities such as special service functions or population density (c.f. SRV 2007b).

  4. Decentralisation has particularly been expedited through the new Law on Construction and the Law on Land (both in effect since the year 2004) as well as the Law on Urban Planning (in effect since 2009) (SRV 2004 a, b, 2009).

  5. The author follows the commonly agreed terminology in which climate change response comprises the two domains of climate change adaptation and climate change mitigation. Adaptation in this notion refers to the “adjustment in natural or human systems in response to actual or expected climatic stimuli or their effects, which moderates harm or exploits beneficial opportunities” (IPCC 2007b). Mitigation comprises all measures that reduce green house gas emissions, limit their growth or enhance sinks. Due to the focus of this paper, the author has to limit the discussion to adaptation measures here; however, fully acknowledging that measures from both domains are absolutely necessary and that “mitigation is the best adaptation” in the long run.

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Garschagen, M. Resilience and organisational institutionalism from a cross-cultural perspective: an exploration based on urban climate change adaptation in Vietnam. Nat Hazards 67, 25–46 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-011-9753-4

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