Abstract
Indian peninsular shield, which was once considered to be seismically stable, is experiencing many earthquakes recently. As part of the national level microzonation programme, Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of India has initiated microzonation of greater Bangalore region. The seismic hazard analysis of Bangalore region is carried out as part of this project. The paper presents the determination of maximum credible earthquake (MCE) and generation of synthetic acceleration time history plot for the Bangalore region. MCE has been determined by considering the regional seismotectonic activity in about 350 km radius around Bangalore city. The seismotectonic map has been prepared by considering the faults, lineaments, shear zones in the area and historic earthquake events of more than 150 events. Shortest distance from the Bangalore to the different sources is measured and then peak ground acceleration (PGA) is calculated for the different source and moment magnitude. Maximum credible earthquake found in terms of moment magnitude is 5.1 with PGA value of 0.146 g at city centre with assuming the hypo central distance of 15.88 km from the focal point. Also, correlations for the fault length with historic earthquake in terms of moment magnitude, yields (taking the rupture fault length as 5% of the total fault length) a PGA value of 0.159 g. Acceleration time history (ground motion) and a response acceleration spectrum for the corresponding magnitude has been generated using synthetic earthquake model considering the regional seismotectonic parameters. The maximum spectral acceleration obtained is 0.332 g for predominant period of 0.06 s. The PGA value and synthetic earthquake ground motion data from the identified vulnerable source using seismotectonic map will be useful for the PGA mapping and microzonation of the area.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Atkinson G. M. and Boore D. M. (1995). Ground-motion relations for eastern North America. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 85(1): 17–30
Bansal B. K. and Gupta S. (1998). A glance through the seismicity of peninsular India. J. Geol. Soc. India 52: 67–80
Boore D. M. (1983). Stochastic simulation of high-frequency ground motions based on seismological models of the radiated spectra. Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 73: 1865–1894
Boore D. M. (2003). Simulation of ground motion using the stochastic method. Pure Appl. Geophys. 160: 635–675
Brune J. (1970). Tectonic stress and the spectra of seismic shear waves from earthquakes. J. Geophys. Res. 75: 4997–5009
Ganesha Raj K. and Nijagunappa R. (2004). Major lineaments of Karnataka state and their relation to seismicity: Remote sensing based analysis. J. Geol. Soc. India 63: 430–439
Hwang H. and Huo J.-R. (1997). Attenuation relations of ground motion for rock and soil sites in eastern United States. Soil Dynam. Earthquake Eng. 16: 363–372
Idriss I. M.: 1985, Evaluating seismic risk engineering practice, In: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, San Francisco, Vol. 1, 255–320
IS 1893 (part 1): 2002, Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structure, Bureau of Indian standards, New Delhi
Iyengar R. N. and Raghukanth S. T. G. (2004). Attenuation of strong ground motion in peninsular India. Seismol. Res. Lett. 75(4): 530–540
Kramer. S. L.: 1996, Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering. Published by Pearson Education Pte Ltd.
Krinitzsky E. (2005). Discussion on problems in the application of the SSHAC probability method for assessing earthquake hazards at Swiss nuclear power plants. Eng. Geol. 78: 285–307
Mark R. K. (1977). Application of linear statistical model of earthquake magnitude versus fault length in estimating maximum expectable earthquakes. Geology 5: 464–466
Project Vasundhara: 1994, Geo scientific Analysis, Database creation and Development of GIS for parts of south Indian Peninsular Shield. ISSN O254–0436
O’Leary D. W., Driedman J. D. and Pohn H. A. (1976). Lineaments, linear, lineation: Some proposed new standards for old terms. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 87: 1463–1469
Radhakrishnan B. P. and Vaidyanathan R. (1997). Geology of Karnataka. Geological Society of India, Bangalore
Ramalingeswara Rao B. and Sitapathi Rao P. (1984). Historical seismicity of peninsular India. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 74: 2519–2533
Rao, R., Seshamma, C. V. and Mandal, P.: 1998, Estimation of Coda Qc and spectral characteristics of some moderate earthquakes of southern Indian peninsula, Unpublished Report.
Regulatory Guide 1.165: 1997, Identification and characterization of seismic sources and determination of safe shutdown earthquake ground motion. Published by U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, March 1997.
Sarkar D., Chandrakala K., Padmavathi Devi P., Sridhar A. R., Sain K. and Reddy P. R. (2001). Crustal velocity structure of western Dharwar Craton, South India. J. Geodynam. 31: 227–241
Seismotectonic Atlas of India: 2000, published by Geological Survey of India
Singh S. K., Ordaz M., Dattatrayam R. S. and Gupta H. K. (1999). A Spectral analysis of the 21 May 1997, Jabalpur, India, earthquake (Mw=5.8) and estimation of ground motion from future earthquakes in the Indian shield region. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 89(6): 1620–1630
USCOLD: 1995, Guidelines for Earthquake Design and Evaluation of Structures Appurtenant to Dams, United States Committee on Large Dams. 75 p
Valdiya K. S. (1998). Late quaternary movements and landscape rejuvenation in south-eastern Karnataka and adjoining Tamil nadu in southern India shield. J. Geol. Soc. India 51: 139–166
Wang, Z.: 2005, Discussion on problems in the application of the SSHAC probability method for assessing earthquake hazards at Swiss nuclear power plants, Eng. Geol. 78, 285–307; Eng. Geol. 82, 86–88
Wells D. L. and Coppersmith K. J. (1994). New empirical relationships among magnitude, rupture length, rupture width, rupture area and surface displacement. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 4(84): 975–1002
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sitharam, T.G., Anbazhagan, P. Seismic Hazard Analysis for the Bangalore Region. Nat Hazards 40, 261–278 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-006-0012-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-006-0012-z