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Memory for Music in Alzheimer’s Disease: Unforgettable?

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Abstract

The notion that memory for music can be preserved in patients with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) has been raised by a number of case studies. In this paper, we review the current research examining musical memory in patients with AD. In keeping with models of memory described in the non-musical domain, we propose that various forms of musical memory exist, and may be differentially impaired in AD, reflecting the pattern of neuropathological changes associated with the condition. Our synthesis of this literature reveals a dissociation between explicit and implicit musical memory functions. Implicit, specifically procedural musical memory, or the ability to play a musical instrument, can be spared in musicians with AD. In contrast, explicit musical memory, or the recognition of familiar or unfamiliar melodies, is typically impaired. Thus, the notion that music is unforgettable in AD is not wholly supported. Rather, it appears that the ability to play a musical instrument may be unforgettable in some musicians with AD.

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Acknowledgements

This review was supported by a grant from “Agence Nationale pour la Recherche” of the French Ministry of Research (project n° NT05-3_45987) to Séverine Samson, and a post doctoral fellowship from the same grant to Amee Baird.

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  1. Department of Psychology, University Lille—Nord de France & La Salpetriere Hospital, Paris, France

    Amee Baird & Séverine Samson

  2. JE 2497 Neuropsychology and Auditory Cognition, Department of Psychology, University Lille—Nord de France, 59653 Villeneuve d’Ascq cedex, Lille, BP, 60149, France

    Séverine Samson

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Baird, A., Samson, S. Memory for Music in Alzheimer’s Disease: Unforgettable?. Neuropsychol Rev 19, 85–101 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-009-9085-2

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