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A Model-Based Approach to Understanding Apraxia in Corticobasal Syndrome

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Abstract

Limb apraxia is a neurological disorder of higher cognitive function characterized by an inability to perform purposeful skilled movements and not attributable to an elementary sensorimotor dysfunction or comprehension difficulty. Corticobasal Syndrome (CBS) is an akinetic rigid syndrome with asymmetric onset and progression with at least one basal ganglia feature (rigidity, limb dystonia or myoclonus) and one cortical feature (limb apraxia, alien hand syndrome or cortical sensory loss). Even though limb apraxia is highly prevalent in CBS (70–80%), very few studies have examined the performance of CBS patients on praxis measures in detail. This review aims to (1) briefly summarize the clinical, neuroanatomical and pathological findings in CBS, (2) briefly outline what limb apraxia is and how it is assessed, (3) to comprehensively review the literature on limb apraxia in CBS to date and (4) to briefly summarize the literature on other forms of apraxia, such as limb-kinetic apraxia and buccofacial apraxia. Overall, the goal of the review is to bring a model-based perspective to the findings available in the literature to date on limb apraxia in CBS.

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Acknowledgements

The study was supported by funds provided by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Ontario.

Disclosure Statement

None of the authors have any actual or potential conflicts of interest including any financial, personal or other relationships with other people or organizations within 3 years of beginning the work submitted that could have inappropriately influenced (biased) their work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate Department of Rehabilitation Science, University of Toronto, 43 Baybrook Cres, Toronto, ON, M1H 2R7, Canada

    Vessela Stamenova

  2. Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave, West, BMH 1101, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada

    Eric A. Roy

  3. Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Toronto, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, A-421, Cognitive Neurology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada

    Sandra E. Black

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  1. Vessela Stamenova
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  2. Eric A. Roy
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Correspondence to Vessela Stamenova.

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Stamenova, V., Roy, E.A. & Black, S.E. A Model-Based Approach to Understanding Apraxia in Corticobasal Syndrome. Neuropsychol Rev 19, 47–63 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-008-9079-5

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