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Neurocognitive Effects of Methamphetamine: A Critical Review and Meta-analysis

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Abstract

This review provides a critical analysis of the central nervous system effects of acute and chronic methamphetamine (MA) use, which is linked to numerous adverse psychosocial, neuropsychiatric, and medical problems. A meta-analysis of the neuropsychological effects of MA abuse/dependence revealed broadly medium effect sizes, showing deficits in episodic memory, executive functions, information processing speed, motor skills, language, and visuoconstructional abilities. The neuropsychological deficits associated with MA abuse/dependence are interpreted with regard to their possible neural mechanisms, most notably MA-associated frontostriatal neurotoxicity. In addition, potential explanatory factors are considered, including demographics (e.g., gender), MA use characteristics (e.g., duration of abstinence), and the influence of common psychiatric (e.g., other substance-related disorders) and neuromedical (e.g., HIV infection) comorbidities. Finally, these findings are discussed with respect to their potential contribution to the clinical management of persons with MA abuse/dependence.

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Acknowledgement

The research described was supported by DA12065 and MH62512 from the National Institutes of Health. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, or the United States Government.

The authors thank Drs. Raul Gonzalez and John Monterosso for kindly providing supplementary data for analyses.

The following studies were included in the meta-analysis: Chang et al. 2002, 2005a; Gonzalez et al. 2007; Hoffman et al. 2006; Johanson et al. 2006; Kalechstein et al. 2003; Kim et al. 2005; London et al. 2005; Monterosso et al. 2005, 2006; Newton et al. 2004; Paulus et al. 2003; Rippeth et al. 2004; Salo et al. 2002, 2005, 2007; Simon et al. 2000, 2004.

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  1. Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego State University and University of California, San Diego, CA, 92120, USA

    J. Cobb Scott

  2. Department of Psychiatry (0847), School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA

    Steven Paul Woods, Rachel A. Meyer, Robert K. Heaton, J. Hampton Atkinson & Igor Grant

  3. Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA

    Georg E. Matt

  4. HIV Neurobehavioral Research Center, Department of Psychiatry (0847), University of California, San Diego, 150 West Washington Street, 2nd floor, San Diego, CA, 92103, USA

    Steven Paul Woods

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Scott, J.C., Woods, S.P., Matt, G.E. et al. Neurocognitive Effects of Methamphetamine: A Critical Review and Meta-analysis. Neuropsychol Rev 17, 275–297 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-007-9031-0

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