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The Role of PGC-1α-Mediated Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Neurons

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Abstract

Neurons are highly dependent on mitochondrial ATP production and Ca2+ buffering. Neurons have unique compartmentalized anatomy and energy requirements, and each compartment requires continuously renewed mitochondria to maintain neuronal survival and activity. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) is a key factor in the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis. It is widely accepted that mitochondria are synthesized in the cell body and transported via axons to the distal end. However, axonal mitochondrial biogenesis is necessary to maintain axonal bioenergy supply and mitochondrial density due to limitations in mitochondrial axonal transport rate and mitochondrial protein lifespan. In addition, impaired mitochondrial biogenesis leading to inadequate energy supply and neuronal damage has been observed in neurological disorders. In this review, we focus on the sites where mitochondrial biogenesis occurs in neurons and the mechanisms by which it maintains axonal mitochondrial density. Finally, we summarize several neurological disorders in which mitochondrial biogenesis is affected.

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The datasets generated during or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Funding

This work was supported by grants from Capital’s Funds for Health Improvement and Research (2022-2-2232) and Science and Technology Development Fund of Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University (LYYB202216) to Lingling Ding.

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  1. Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China

    Mengjie Chen, Ruyu Yan, Jiansheng Luo, Jiaqi Ning, Ruiling Zhou & Lingling Ding

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  1. Mengjie Chen
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  5. Ruiling Zhou
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All authors contributed to the study's conception and design. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Mengjie Chen, Ruyu Yan, Lingling Ding. The analysis and sorting of references were performed by Mengjie Chen, Jiansheng Luo, Jiaqi Ning. Figures were produced by Mengjie Chen, Ruyu Yan, Ruiling Zhou. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Chen, M., Yan, R., Luo, J. et al. The Role of PGC-1α-Mediated Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Neurons. Neurochem Res 48, 2595–2606 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-023-03934-8

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