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Exploring Sonic Hedgehog Cell Signaling in Neurogenesis: Its Potential Role in Depressive Behavior

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Abstract

Depression is the most prevalent form of neuropsychiatric disorder affecting all age groups globally. As per the estimation of the World Health Organization (WHO), depression will develop into the foremost reason for disability globally by the year 2030. The primary neurobiological mechanism implicated in depression remains ambiguous; however, dysregulation of molecular and signaling transductions results in depressive disorders. Several theories have been developed to explain the pathogenesis of depression, however, none of them completely explained all aspects of depressive-pathogenesis. In the current review, we aimed to explore the role of the sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway in the development of the depressive disorder and its potential as the therapeutic target. Shh signaling has a crucial function in neurogenesis and neural tube patterning during the development of the central nervous system (CNS). Shh signaling performs a basic function in embryogenesis and hippocampal neurogenesis. Moreover, antidepressants are also known to enhance neurogenesis in the hippocampus, which further suggests the potential of Shh signaling. Furthermore, there is decreased expression of a glioma-associated oncogene (Gli1) and Smoothened (Smo) in depression. Moreover, antidepressants also regulate brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and wingless protein (Wnt) signaling, therefore, Shh may be implicated in the pathogenesis of the depressive disorder. Deregulation of Shh signaling in CNS results in neurological disorders such as depression.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Chitkara University, Punjab, India for providing the basic facilities for the completion of the current article.

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  1. Tarapati Rana and Tapan Behl contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Government Pharmacy College, Seraj, Distt. Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India

    Tarapati Rana

  2. Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India

    Tarapati Rana, Tapan Behl, Aayush Sehgal, Neelam Sharma & Sukhbir Singh

  3. Fatimah College of Health Sciences, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates

    Monika Sachdeva

  4. Government College of Pharmacy, Rohru, Distt. Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India

    Vineet Mehta

  5. Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania

    Simona Bungau

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Rana, T., Behl, T., Sehgal, A. et al. Exploring Sonic Hedgehog Cell Signaling in Neurogenesis: Its Potential Role in Depressive Behavior. Neurochem Res 46, 1589–1602 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-021-03307-z

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