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Subchronic Oral Administration of Benzo[a]pyrene Impairs Motor and Cognitive Behavior and Modulates S100B Levels and MAPKs in Rats

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Abstract

Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is an environmental contaminant produced during incomplete combustion of organic material that is well known as a mutagenic and carcinogenic toxin. There are few studies addressing the molecular and cellular basis of behavioural alterations related to BaP exposure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of subchronic oral administration of BaP on behavioral and neurochemical parameters. Wistar male rats received BaP (2 mg/kg) or corn oil (control), once a day for 28 days (n = 12/group). Spontaneous locomotor activity and short- and long-term memories were evaluated. Glial fibrillary acid protein and S100B content in the hippocampus, serum and CSF were measured using ELISA and total and phosphorylated forms of mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) named extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2, p38MAPK and c-Jun amino-terminal kinases 1 and 2, in the hippocampus, were evaluated by western blotting. BaP induced a significant increase on locomotor activity and a decrease in short-term memory. S100B content was increased significantly in cerebrospinal fluid. BaP induced a decrease on ERK2 phosphorylation in the hippocampus. Thus, BaP subchronic treatment induces an astroglial response and impairs both motor and cognitive behavior, with parallel inhibition of ERK2, a signaling enzyme involved in the hippocampal neuroplasticity. All these effects suggest that BaP neurotoxicity is a concern for environmental pollution.

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Acknowledgments

The study was supported by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia para (INCT) a Análise Integrada do Risco Ambiental.

Conflict of interest

The authors declared that there are no conflicts of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Biológicas - Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500/107, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil

    Érica Santos Maciel, Rebeca Vargas Antunes Schunck & Mirna Bainy Leal

  2. Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Santana, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil

    Regina Biasibetti, Paula Lunardi & Carlos Alberto Gonçalves

  3. Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, CCB - Bloco C – 2º Andar – Sala 210, Campus Universitário, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil

    Ana Paula Costa & Rodrigo Bainy Leal

  4. Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais, Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500/202, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil

    Gabriela Curbeti Becker & Mirna Bainy Leal

  5. REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Toxicologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal

    Marcelo Dutra Arbo

  6. Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil

    Eliane Dallegrave

  7. Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455 - 1º andar, sala 1103, São Paulo, SP, 01246-000, Brazil

    Paulo H. Nascimento Saldiva

  8. Laboratório de Toxicologia, Departamento de Análises, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 2752, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil

    Solange Cristina Garcia

  9. Departamento de Farmacologia, ICBS – UFRGS, Sarmento Leite 500 sala 202, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil

    Mirna Bainy Leal

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  1. Érica Santos Maciel
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  2. Regina Biasibetti
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  3. Ana Paula Costa
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Correspondence to Mirna Bainy Leal.

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Maciel, É.S., Biasibetti, R., Costa, A.P. et al. Subchronic Oral Administration of Benzo[a]pyrene Impairs Motor and Cognitive Behavior and Modulates S100B Levels and MAPKs in Rats. Neurochem Res 39, 731–740 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-014-1261-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-014-1261-y

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